The words of Phaedrus (275 B), 'O Socrates, you can easily invent
Egyptians or anything,' are recalled to our mind as we read this lifelike
fiction. Yet the greater merit of the work is not the admirable art, but
the originality of thought. More is as free as Plato from the prejudices
of his age, and far more tolerant. The Utopians do not allow him who
believes not in the immortality of the soul to share in the administration
of the state (cp. Laws x. 908 foll.), 'howbeit they put him to no
punishment, because they be persuaded that it is in no man's power to
believe what he list'; and 'no man is to be blamed for reasoning in
support of his own religion[7].' In the public services 'no prayers be
used, but such as every man may boldly pronounce without giving offence to
any sect.' He says significantly, 'There be that give worship to a man
that was once of excellent virtue or of famous glory, not only as God, but
also the chiefest and highest God. But the most and the wisest part,
rejecting all these, believe that there is a certain godly power unknown,
far above the capacity and reach of man's wit, dispersed throughout all
the world, not in bigness, but in virtue and power. Him they call the
Father of all. To Him alone they attribute the beginnings, the
increasings, the proceedings, {ccxxiv} the changes, and the ends of all
things. Neither give they any divine honours to any other than him.' So
far was More from sharing the popular beliefs of his time. Yet at the end
he reminds us that he does not in all respects agree with the customs and
opinions of the Utopians which he describes. And we should let him have
the benefit of this saving clause, and not rudely withdraw the veil behind
which he has been pleased to conceal himself.
[Footnote 7: 'One of our company in my presence was sharply punished. He,
as soon as he was baptised, began, against our wills, with more earnest
affection than wisdom, to reason of Christ's religion, and began to wax so
hot in his matter, that he did not only prefer our religion before all
other, but also did despise and condemn all other, calling them profane,
and the followers of them wicked and devilish, and the children of
everlasting damnation. When he had thus long reasoned the matter, they
laid hold on him, accused him, and condemned him into exile, not as a
despiser of religion, but as a seditious person and a raiser up of
dissension among the people' (p. 145).]