The six books of Proclus, the Platonic successor, on the theology of Plato (vol. 2 of 2) : $b translated from the Greek, to which a seventh book is added, in order to supply the deficiency of another book on this subject, which was written by Proclus, but since lost, also, a translation from the Greek of Proclus' Elements of theology, to which are added a translation of the treatise of Proclus, On providence and fate, a translation of extracts from his treatise, entitled, Ten doubts concerning p
Plato · en
“Perhaps, says he, it is not sufficient to say that it is the measure
of mundane natures, nor to enumerate the goods of which it is the
cause, but to the utmost of our power we should endeavour to apprehend
its peculiarity. May we not therefore say, since its essence is most
excellent, perfective of soul, and present to all things, that it is
an intellect not only abiding but also subsisting in motion? Abiding
indeed according to its inward energy, and by which it is truly
eternal, but being moved according to its externally proceeding energy,
by which it becomes the boundary of all transition. For eternity
possessing permanency, both according to its inward energy, and that
which it exerts to things eternal, Time being assimilated to it,
according to the former of these energies, becomes separated from it
according to the latter, abiding and being moved. And as with respect
to the essence of the soul, we say that it is intelligible and at
the same time generated, partible, and at the same time impartible,
and are no otherwise able to apprehend its middle nature than by
employing after a manner opposites, what wonder is there if, perceiving
the nature of Time to be partly immoveable, and partly subsisting
in motion, we, or rather not we, but prior to us, the philosopher,
through _the eternal_, should indicate its intellectual monad abiding
in sameness, and through _the moveable_ its externally proceeding
energy, which is participated by soul and the whole world? For we must
not think that the expression _the eternal_ simply indicates that Time
is the image of eternity; for if this were the case, what would have
hindered Plato from directly saying that it is the _image_, and not
the _eternal image_ of eternity? But he was willing to indicate this
very thing, that time has an eternal nature, but not in such a manner
as animal itself [the paradigm of the universe] is said to be eternal.
For that is eternal both in essence and energy; but Time is partly
eternal, and partly, by its external gift, moveable. Hence theurgists
call it eternal; and Plato very properly denominates it not _only_ so.
For one thing is _alone_ moveable, both essentially and according to
the participants of it, being _alone_ the cause of motion, as soul, and
hence it _alone_ moves itself and other things; but another thing is
_alone_ immoveable, preserving itself without transition, and being the
cause to other things of a perpetual subsistence after the same manner,
and to moveable natures through soul. It is necessary therefore, that
the medium between these two extremes should be that which, both
according to its own nature, and the gifts which it imparts to others,
is immoveable and at the same time moveable, essentially immoveable
indeed, but moved in its participants. A thing however of this kind is
Time.