The works of Plato (Vol. 1 of 6) : $b A new and literal version chiefly from the text of Stallbaum
Plato · en
That is, “the people of Athens.” It is necessary to retain the
original word because of the play on the word _Demus_, which was the
name of the son of Pyrilampes, a person distinguished for his personal
beauty. Socrates means to insinuate that while he loves the inward
beauty of Alcibiades and philosophy, Callicles loves the external
beauty of the people and Demus son of Pyrilampes.
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_Cal._ You seem to me, Socrates, to act the boaster in your discourses,
as being in truth a mob-orator: and now you thus declaim, since Polus
has met with the same treatment as he objected Gorgias met with from
you. 84. For he said that Gorgias, when asked by you, whether if one
should come to him, wishing to learn rhetoric without being acquainted
with justice, Gorgias would teach him, was ashamed, and said that he
would teach him, on account of the custom among men, because they would
be displeased if any one were to refuse: and that from this admission
Gorgias was compelled to contradict himself, and you were delighted with
this very circumstance; for which he then ridiculed you, as it appeared
to me, very properly. And now he himself has in turn been treated the
very same way; I, however, in this particular, do not commend Polus,
because he has conceded to you, that to commit injustice is more base
than to suffer it. For, from this admission, he being entangled by you
in the discussion, has been brought to a check, because he was ashamed
to say what he thought. For you in reality, Socrates, while you profess
to be in search of truth, lead to such vulgar and popular things as
these which are not beautiful by nature, but by law. For these are, for
the most part, contrary to each other, nature and law. 85. If any one,
therefore, is ashamed, and dares not say what he thinks, he is compelled
to contradict himself. And you, having perceived this subtle
distinction, deal unfairly in the discussion; for, if any one speaks of
any thing according to law, you cunningly ask him about it according to
nature, and if he speaks of things according to nature, you ask him
about them according to law; as just now in the present discussion,
respecting committing injustice and suffering it, when Polus spoke of
that which is more base according to nature, you followed up the law _as
if it were_ according to nature. For, by nature, every thing is more
base which is also worse, as to suffer injustice, but by law to commit
it. For to submit to injustice is not the condition of a man, but of a
slave, to whom it is better to die than to live, since, being injured
and disgraced, he is unable to defend himself or any one else for whom
he has regard. But I think, those who make the laws are the weak and the
many: they, therefore, make laws with a view to themselves and their own
advantage, and with the same view they bestow praise and impute blame;
and to terrify such men as are stronger, and who are able to acquire