The works of Plato (Vol. 1 of 6) : $b A new and literal version chiefly from the text of Stallbaum
Plato · en
49. Protagoras having made such and so long a display, ceased speaking;
and I, having continued for a long time enchanted, still looked at him,
expecting that he would say something more, and desiring to hear him.
But when I perceived that he had in reality ceased, I with difficulty
collected myself, and looking towards Hippocrates, said, “O son of
Apollodorus, how thankful I am to you for having urged me to come
hither; for I esteem it a great privilege to have heard what I have
heard from Protagoras; for before this, I thought it was no human care
by which good men become good, but now I am persuaded that it is.
However, I feel a slight difficulty, which, doubtless, Protagoras will
easily explain, since he has explained so much. For if any one should
converse with any one of the popular orators on these subjects, he would
perhaps hear similar arguments, as from Pericles, for instance, or some
other able speaker; but if he should ask them any further questions,
like books they are unable either to give an answer or to ask any
question themselves. And if one should put any trifling question to them
respecting what has been said, as brass when struck sounds for a long
time, and prolongs its sound, unless some one lays hold of it, so these
orators, when asked some trifling question, answer in a speech drawn out
to a great length. 50. But Protagoras here is able to make long and
beautiful speeches, as the fact proves, and is also able, when asked a
question, to answer briefly, and when questioning, to wait and receive
the answer, which are qualities possessed but by a few. Now then,
Protagoras, I need a trifle only, so that I shall have all I want if you
will answer me this. You say that virtue may be taught; and I, if I
could be persuaded by any man, should be persuaded by you. But, what I
wondered at your saying, satisfy my mind as to that. For you said that
Jupiter sent justice and shame to men; and afterwards, in many parts of
your discourse, justice, temperance, holiness, and all qualities of that
kind, were spoken of by you, as if they were collectively one thing,
virtue. Therefore explain this accurately to me, whether virtue is one
thing, and justice, temperance, and holiness, parts of it; or whether
these that I have now mentioned are all names of one and the same thing.
This is what I still want to know.”
51. “But it is easy,” said he, “Socrates, to answer this question, that
the qualities about which you ask are parts of virtue, which is one
thing.”
“Whether,” said I, “are they parts like the parts of a face, the mouth,
nose, eyes, and ears; or like the parts of gold, which in no respect
differ from each other and from the whole, except in magnitude and
littleness?”
“Like the former, it appears to me Socrates, as the parts of the face
are to the whole face.”
“Whether, then,” said I, “do men possess these parts of virtue, some one
and others another part? or is it necessary that he who has received one
should have all?”