The works of Plato (Vol. 1 of 6) : $b A new and literal version chiefly from the text of Stallbaum — Plato — John Shaqi
The works of Plato (Vol. 1 of 6) : $b A new and literal version chiefly from the text of Stallbaum
Plato · en
“You admit, then,” said I, “that the pleasant is good, but the painful
evil. But I deprecate Prodicus’s verbal distinctions: for whether you
call it pleasant, or delightful, or enjoyable, or from whatever
derivation or in whatever way you please to denominate such things, most
excellent Prodicus, use your own word and answer what I wish.”
118. Prodicus, therefore, laughing, agreed with me, as did the others.
“But what, my friends,” I continued, “do you say to this? All actions
that tend to this, that we may live without pain and pleasantly, are
they not beautiful? and is not a beautiful action good and profitable?”.
They agreed.
“If then,” I said, “the pleasant is good, no one who either knows or
thinks that other things are better than what he is doing, and that they
are possible, still continues to do the same, when it is in his power to
do the better; nor is to be overcome by one’s-self any thing else than
ignorance, nor to be master of one’s-self any thing else than wisdom.”
All agreed to this.
“What then? Do you say that ignorance is a thing of this kind, to have a
false opinion, and to be deceived about matters of great importance?”
To this, likewise, all agreed.
“Is it not the case then,” I said, “that no one willingly sets about
things evil, or things which he thinks are evil, nor is this, as it
seems, in the nature of man willingly to engage in things which he
thinks are evil, instead of such as are good; and when of two evils he
is compelled to choose one, no one will choose the greater, when it is
in his power to choose the less.”
119. All these things were assented to by us all.
“What then,” said I, “do you call dread and fear something? and the same
that I do, (I address myself to you, Prodicus,) I mean by it a certain
expectation of evil, whether you call it fear or dread.”
It appeared to Protagoras and Hippias that dread and fear were of this
nature, but to Prodicus that dread was, but fear not.
“But,” said I, “it is of no consequence, Prodicus; but this is; if what
we before said is true, will any man deliberately engage in things which
he dreads, when it is in his power to engage in things which he does not
dread? or is not this impossible from our former admissions? for it has
been admitted that what he dreads he considers to be evil; and what he
considers to be evil, no one either engages in or willingly receives.”
These things, likewise, were agreed to by all.