Eloisa : $b or, A series of original letters — Jean-Jacques Rousseau — John Shaqi
Eloisa : $b or, A series of original letters
Jean-Jacques Rousseau · en
Dress him up, for instance, by turns, in the robe of a judge, a peer,
and a divine, and you shall hear him successively stand up, with the
same zeal, for the rights of the people, the despotism of the prince,
and the authority of the inquisition. There is one kind of reason for
the lawyer, another for the officer of the revenue, and a third for
the soldier. Each of them can demonstrate the other two to be knaves;
a conclusion not very difficult to be drawn by all three. [21] Thus
men do not speak their own sentiments but those they would instill
into others, and the zeal which they affect is only the mask of
interest. You may imagine, however, that such persons as are
unconnected and independent, have at least a personal character and an
opinion of their own. Not at all: they are only different machines,
which never think for themselves, but are set a going by springs.
You need only inform yourself of their company, their clubs, their
friends, the women they visit, the authors they are acquainted with;
and you may immediately tell what will be their opinion of the next
book that is published, the next play that is acted, the works of this
or that writer they know nothing of, or this or that system of which
they have not one idea. As ordinary clocks, also, are wound up to go
but four and twenty hours, so are these people under the necessity of
going every evening into company, to know what they are to think the
next day.
Hence it is, that there is but a small number of both sexes, who think
for all the rest, and for whom all the rest talk and act. As every one
considers his own particular interest, and none of them that of the
public, and as the interests of individuals are always opposed, there
is amongst them a perpetual clashing of parties and cabals, a
continual ebb and flow of prepossessions and contrary opinions; amidst
which the most violent tempers, agitated only by the rest, seldom
understand a word of the matter in dispute. Every club has its rules,
its opinions, its principles, which are no where else admitted. An
honest man at one house is a knave at the next door. The good, the
bad, the beautiful, the ugly, truth, and even virtue itself, have all
only a limited and local existence. Whoever chuses a general
acquaintance, therefore, and goes into different societies, should be
more pliable than Alcibiades; he should change his principles with his
company, new-model his sentiments in a manner at every step, and lay
down his maxims by the rod. He ought at every visit to leave his
conscience, if he has one, at the door, and take up with that
belonging to the house as a new servant, on his entrance, puts on its
livery, which he leaves behind him when turned out, and if he chuses
it, again takes up his own, which serves him till he gets a new suit
with a new place. But what is still more extraordinary, is, that every
one here is perpetually contradicting himself, without being concerned
at all about it.