[132] ‘Ād, a pre-Semitic, perhaps Turanian, people in south-eastern Arabia, often mentioned in the Qur’ān. They refused to believe the prophet Hūd (supposed to be _Heber_), and were destroyed, lxix. 6-7, by an eight days’ tempest. [133] Qur’ān xxiii. 76, &c. [134] Qur’ān iii. 43. [135] Qur’ān vii. 139. [136] Kalīla and Dimna is the Arabic version of Pīlpāy’s fables. [137] This proverb is given in Freytag’s “_Proverbia Arabica_,” ii. p. 488, n. 278, as an answer from Muhammed to a foe twice made prisoner. [138] Equivalent to tethering a horse. Cromwell’s: “Keep your powder dry.“ [139] The original says: ”_The earner is God’s friend._“ [140] The original has: ”_Flees the snake, and meets a dragon._“ [141] The words as given in the original, in Arabic, are not in the Qur’ān. [142] A cock that crows out of season, in the night. [143] Qur’ān xiv. 47. [144] ‘Azrā’īl, the angel of death, who takes men’s souls. [145] Solomon is related in the Qur’ān xxi. 81, and xxxiv. 11, to have possessed power over the wind. [146] In Qur’ān iii. 47, and viii. 30, God is styled ”_the best of stratagem-makers_.“ [147] I do not find this proverb in Freytag’s ”_Proverbia_.“ [148] Qur’ān ii. 15. [149] See Qur’ān xlviii. 29; lix. 8; and lxxiii. 20. [150] In Qur’ān ii. 29, the account of this is given. Compare Gen. ii. 19. [151] Was Satan this very old hermit? His successful temptation was the muzzle. The original says ”_calf_,“ where I have said ”_babe_;“--meaning Adam, when first created. Instructed by God, he named all things, which the angels were unable to do, and so were silenced. [152] The story of the dog of the Sleepers is told in Qur’ān xviii. 17-21. [153] The Persian name for the hare is ”_ass-ear_;“hence the pun. [154] The “hidden tablet” of God’s decrees; mentioned in Qur’ān lxxxv. 22. [155] At the “extreme lote-tree” in the highest heaven, on the night of the ascension. Gabriel could go no further. Muhammed went on, to God’s presence. [156] The word that signifies “compulsion” also means “reduction” in a surgical sense, and “algebra” mathematically. [157] “Burāq” is the name of the angelic steed on which Muhammed mounted to heaven in his night journey. Not found in the Qur’ān. [158] “The moon clave” in twain as a sign of the near approach of the day of judgment. Qur’ān liv. 1. [159] Muhammed’s name is put on most Muslim coins. [160] Muhammed is held to be the supplement of all the prophets. [161] Qur’ān ii. 151. [162] Not in Freytag’s “_Proverbia_.“ [163] See note in the Author’s Preface, and Chapter vi. in the Anecdotes. [164] The commentators on Qur’ān xxi. 69, mention Nimrod’s gnat. [165] Qur’ān xxviii. 5, mentions Haman with Pharaoh. [166] He is said to have believed Satan rather than Abraham. [167] The translator has ventured to coin the expressions ”_synglottism_,“ ”_synglottist_,“ and ”_syncardism_“ as specimens of a whole class used in Persian. [168] A title designating Adam,--who named all things.