Toleration and other essays — Voltaire — John Shaqi
Toleration and other essays
Voltaire · en
The Huguenots, it is true, have been as inebriated with fanaticism
and stained with blood as we. But are this generation as barbaric as
their fathers? Have not time, the progress of reason, good books, and
the humanising influence of society had an effect on the leaders of
these people? And do we not perceive that the aspect of nearly the
whole of Europe has been changed within the last fifty years?
Government is stronger everywhere, and morals have improved. The
ordinary police, supported by numerous standing armies, gives us some
security against a return to that age of anarchy in which Calvinistic
peasants fought Catholic peasants, hastily enrolled between the
sowing and the harvest.
Different times have different needs. It would be absurd to
decimate the Sorbonne to-day because it once presented a demand for
the burning of the Maid of Orleans, declared that Henry III. had
forfeited his kingdom, excommunicated him, and proscribed the great
Henry IV. We will not think of inquiring into the other bodies in the
kingdom who committed the same excesses in those frenzied days. It
would not only be unjust, but would be as stupid as to purge all the
inhabitants of Marseilles because they had the plague in 1720.
Shall we go and sack Rome, as the troops of Charles V. did, because
Sixtus V. in 1585 granted an indulgence of nine years to all
Frenchmen who would take up arms against their sovereign? Is it not
enough to prevent Rome for ever from reverting to such excesses?
The rage that is inspired by the dogmatic spirit and the abuse of
the Christian religion, wrongly conceived, has shed as much blood
and led to as many disasters in Germany, England, and even Holland,
as in France. Yet religious difference causes no trouble to-day in
those States. The Jew, the Catholic, the Greek, the Lutheran, the
Calvinist, the Anabaptist, the Socinian, the Memnonist, the Moravian,
and so many others, live like brothers in these countries, and
contribute alike to the good of the social body.