Though the King had never had a coach since he left Stockholm, they
found Count Piper’s among the baggage. They put him into it and started
for the Borysthenes with all haste. The King, who had not spoken a
single word from the time he was put on horseback till he came to
the baggage, then asked what had become of Count Piper. “He has been
taken prisoner with all his chancery officers,” they told him. “And
General Renschild and the Duke of Wirtemburg?” he asked. “They too are
prisoners,” said Poniatowski. “Prisoners of the Russians!” exclaimed
Charles, with a shrug; “let us rather escape to Turkey.” His expression
did not change, however, and whoever had seen him and been ignorant
of his position would never have suspected that he had been either
conquered or wounded.
While he was escaping the Russians seized his artillery in the camp
before Pultawa, his baggage and his military chest, containing
6,000,000 in specie, the spoil of Poland and Saxony. Nearly 9,000
Swedes were killed in the battle, about 6,000 were taken prisoners.
There still remained some 18,000, including Swedes and Poles, as well
as Cossacks, who escaped to the Borysthenes under the direction of
General Levenhaupt. He went one way with these fugitives while the
King, with some of his cavalry, took another direction. The coach
in which he was riding broke down by the way, and they put him on
horseback again. To complete his misfortunes he got lost in a wood
during the night; there his courage could no longer make up for his
spent strength, the pain of his wound was intensified by fatigue, and
his horse fell under him from exhaustion. He lay for some hours at the
foot of a tree, each moment in danger of a surprise from the conquerors
who were looking for him everywhere.
At last, on the night of July 9th, he found himself on the banks of the
Borysthenes, and Levenhaupt had just come up with the remnants of the
army. The Swedes saw with joy mingled with grief, their King whom they
had thought to be dead. The enemy drew near; they had no bridge to pass
the river, nor time to make one, nor powder to defend themselves with,
nor provisions to save the army from perishing with hunger, for they
had eaten nothing for two days.
At all events, the rest of the army were Swedes, and the conquered King
was Charles XII. Almost all the officers advised that a stand should be
made to meet the Russians, and that they should die or conquer on the
banks of the Borysthenes. Doubtless Charles would have decided on this
course had he not been overcome with weakness; his wound mortified and
he had fever; and it has been remarked that most men, when attacked
with the fever of suppuration, lose the instinct of valour which, like
other virtues, needs a calm head. Charles was no longer master of
himself. They carried him like a sick man who has lost consciousness.