Quran ke Nahvi Maqamat: Wo Teen Aayat Jin ke Iraab par Khud Nahvi Uljhe

Katib ka Qalam Rukta Hai

Madina, taqreeban san 650 Isvi. Masjid-e-Nabvi ke qareeb ek kamre mein Zaid bin Sabit ki sarbarahi mein ek committee khalifa Usman bin Affan ke hukm par Quran ke miyari nuskhe tayyar kar rahi hai. Yehi nuskhe Kufa, Basra, Damishq aur Makkah bheje jayenge, aur duniya ka har aainda mushaf inhi se niklega. Rasm-e-Qurani ke literature mein mehfooz ek riwayat ke mutabiq — jis ki sanad par sadiyon behas hoti rahi — tayyar shuda mushaf khud Usman ke samne pesh kiya gaya. Khalifa ne us mein dekha aur ek aisa jumla kaha jis par nahvi (grammarian), mutakallim aur katib agle hazaar saal behas karte rahenge: "Main is mein lahn dekhta hoon, aur Arab ise apni zabanon se durust kar lenge."

Unhon ne kya dekha tha? Baad ke ulama ne chand aayat ki nishandahi ki — jin mein teen sab se numayan hain — jahan i'raab (case-endings) ba-zahir un qawaid ko torte dikhai dete hain jo Basra aur Kufa ke nahviyon ne khud murattab kiye. Yeh behas jadeed naqideen ki ijaad nahin; yeh classical Islami kutub-khane ke andar maujood hai: Tabari ki tafseer mein, Sibawayh ki kitab mein, rasm-e-Usmani ki kitabon mein, aur mu'tarizeen ke jawab mein likhe gaye difai literature mein.