Northern Celestial Masters
A tradition no longer extant within Tianshi dao (Way of the Celestial Masters).
Northern Celestial Masters is recorded within Tianshi dao (Way of the Celestial Masters) and is no longer extant. Also written Kou Qianzhi reform, Northern Wei Daoist theocracy.
Origin
Founder named in the sources: Kou Qianzhi (365–448). Founding date given as 415 and 423 CE. Bokenkamp dates Kou Qianzhi's reform of the Celestial Master organisation to revelations of 415 and 423 CE under the Tuoba (Northern) Wei dynasty. Kou's dates are given as 365–448.
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Citation
English
The language and the date you read it belong in the citation: this corpus is multilingual and articles are revised after publication.
John Shaqi. “Northern Celestial Masters.” English version. 11 August 2026. https://johnshaqi.com/articles/sect-northern-celestial-masters.
@misc{johnshaqi-sect-northern-celestial-masters-en,
author = {John Shaqi},
title = {Northern Celestial Masters},
year = {2026},
howpublished = {English version},
url = {https://johnshaqi.com/articles/sect-northern-celestial-masters},
note = {Accessed n.d.}
}The word count is counted from this edition. The minute estimate uses 238 words a minute, the silent reading rate for English non-fiction reported by Brysbaert (2019). The Urdu, Hindi and Roman Urdu editions carry a word count and no estimate, because no comparable rate has been published for those scripts.