HAS THE REASON BY ITSELF ANY VALIDITY? 260 THE IDEA OF THE SOUL 262 THE IDEA OF THE UNIVERSE 264 THE IDEA OF GOD 265 CONCLUSION 268 THE PROBLEM OF THE CRITIQUE OF PRACTICAL REASON: THE ETHICS OF KANT 269 THE MORAL LAW AND THE TWO QUESTIONS CONCERNING IT 271 1. The First Question concerning the Moral Law 272 2. The Second Question concerning the Moral Law 273 THE MORAL POSTULATES 275 1. The Postulate of Freedom 276 2. The Postulate of the Immortality of the Soul 276 3. The Postulate of the Existence of God 276 CHAPTER XI. THE GERMAN IDEALISTS 278 IDEALISM AFTER KANT 278 FICHTE, SCHELLING, AND HEGEL 279 MAP SHOWING THE UNIVERSITY TOWNS AND OTHER IMPORTANT PLACES CONNECTED WITH THE GERMAN IDEALISTS 280 THE LIFE AND WRITINGS OF FICHTE (1762–1814) 282 1. His Education (1762–1790) 283 2. Discipleship of Kant (1790–1794) 283 3. His Life at Jena (1794–1799) 284 4. His Life at Berlin (1799–1814) 284 THE INFLUENCES UPON FICHTE’S TEACHING 285 WHY WE PHILOSOPHIZE 286 THE MORAL AWAKENING 287 THE CENTRAL PRINCIPLE IN FICHTE’S PHILOSOPHY 288 THE MORAL WORLD 290 GOD AND MAN 292 WHAT A MORAL REALITY INVOLVES 293 1. It involves the Consciousness of Something Else 293 2. It involves a Contradiction 294 ROMANTICISM 295 GOETHE AS A ROMANTICIST 297 ROMANTICISM IN PHILOSOPHY 299 THE LIFE AND WRITINGS OF SCHELLING (1775–1854) 300 1. Earlier Period (1775–1797) 302 2. The Philosophy of Nature (1797–1800) 302 3. The Transcendental Philosophy (1800–1801) 302 4. The Philosophy of Identity (1801–1804) 303 5. The Philosophy of Freedom and God (1804–1809) 303 6. The Philosophy of Mythology and Revelation (1809–1854) 303