An examination of conception makes evident two distinct characteristics. First, I may be able to recognize each individual pencil because of the two common qualities, a thread of lead and an encasement of some kind. This process of the knowing mind whereby it recognizes and affirms connections is called thinking as we have already learned. Here is the _thinking_ aspect of conception. Second, as the instances of the observed objects are multiplied, my notion of pencil is _broadened_. It is a building process where many are cemented into one; like the blocks of a cement wall. Here we find the characteristic which enables us to call the process _conception_. This is the mark which distinguishes conception from all the other thought processes. =10. THE JUDGMENT AS A THOUGHT PRODUCT.= Judging is the process of conjoining and disjoining notions. The product of judging is the judgment and all judgments are expressed by means of propositions. A proposition consists of one subject and one predicate connected by some form of the verb _be_ or its equivalent. (1) A judgment may conjoin or disjoin two individual notions. To wit: Conjoined――This pencil belongs to Albert White. Disjoined――This pencil does not belong to Mary Smith. (2) A judgment may conjoin or disjoin two general notions. Conjoined――Some men are virtuous. Disjoined――Some men are not virtuous. (3) A judgment may conjoin or disjoin a general and an individual notion. Conjoined――Abraham Lincoln was virtuous. Disjoined――Edgar Allen Poe was not temperate. In order that the knowing mind may conjoin notions it must recognize some mark of similarity or connection. This is the _thinking_ aspect of the judgment. It is likewise to a certain degree the judging aspect as the latter is simply a matter of affirming or denying connections between notions. But thinking is a broader term than judging. There may be connections established between a name and a notion. For example in the case of the dog which the child sees trotting along the sidewalk and which the mother refers to as a “bow-wow”; the term “bow-wow” is not a percept and has no meaning independent of its association with the dog, hence it is not a notion, yet some connection has been made in the child’s mind between “bow-wow” and his notion of dog. This is a simple form of thinking, but not of judging, as the latter affirms or denies connections between _notions_ only.