Great Britain’s seizure of the Cape of Good Hope—Permanent establishment there—Abolition of slavery—Dutch grievances—Kaffir Wars—Lord Glenelg and intervention of Downing Street—Boer Treks—Responsible government in Cape Colony—Kaffir delusions as to expected resurrection of their forefathers and expulsion of English—St Helena, Ascension and Tristan d’Acunha—Discovery of diamonds in Grikwaland—Notable Jewish pioneers in South Africa—History of Natal—Kuli labour and Indian immigration—Delagoa Bay arbitration—Damaraland—Origin of German entrance into South African sphere—Walfish Bay—Bechuanaland—Zambezia—Nyasaland—British Central Africa—The African Lakes Co.—African Trans-continental Telegraph—South African federation—The Transvaal—Sir Bartle Frere—Zululand and the Zulu War—Boer revolt—Rhodes and Rhodesia—Matebele Wars and Dr Jameson—Kruger and the Drifts—Jameson Raid—Viscount Milner—The War of 1899-1902—Peace and Chinese Labour—The Union of South Africa—The Basuto and Native Question—Mauritius and the Seychelles 254 CHAPTER XII GREAT EXPLORERS Old-time travellers—Herodotos—Strabo—Pliny—Ptolemy—The Arab geographers—The Portuguese explorers—Andrew Battel—British on the Gambia—French on the Senegal—James Bruce and the Blue Nile—Timbuktu—Mungo Park and the Niger—South African explorations—Portugal and Dr Lacerda—Captain Owen—Tuckey and the Congo—Major Laing—René Caillé—British Government expeditions in Tripoli,—Bornu, Lake Chad, and Sokoto—Lander and the Niger mouth—Barth and, the Western Sudan—the Jewish explorer Mordokhai—Krapf, Rebmann, and the Snow Mountains—Livingstone—Burton and Speke, Speke and Grant—Samuel Baker—Livingstone and Kirk—French explorers in North-West Africa—Livingstone and Central Africa—Cameron—Rohlfs—Nachtigal—Alexandrine Tinne—Paul du Chaillu—Winwood Reade—Stanley and the Congo—Portuguese explorers—Schweinfurth and the Wele—Nile explorers—Nyasaland explorations—Pogge, Reichard, Boehm, and von Bary—Dr Felkin—Joseph Thomson—George Grenfell—von Wissmann—Emin Pasha—Cameroons explorers—Nigerian and Chad explorations—Tanganyika, Somaliland, and East African discoveries—Kilima-njaro—Morocco—Marchand—Madagascar—Remarkable 20th century exploring work 297 CHAPTER XIII BELGIAN AFRICA