=Hanumangarh=, Rajputana. 30N. 74E. Tamerlane defeated by Dul Chand, 1398; taken by Kamran, 1549. =Harbin=, Manchuria. 46N. 127E. Military base of Russians during Russo-Japanese War. (See Fraser's 'Real Siberia,' Little's 'Far East.') =Hardwar= ('gate of Vishnu'), United Provs. 30N. 78E. Famous resort of pilgrims; battle between two rival sects, 1760; terrible epidemic of cholera, 1847. =Harnai=, Bombay. 18N. 73E. Attacked by Commodore James, 1755; captured by Colonel Kennedy, 1818. =Hattia=, Bengal. 23N. 91E. Captured by Portuguese pirates, 1607. Destroyed by cyclone, 1876. =Hayil=, Arabia. 28N. 42E. Visited by C. M. Doughty, and described in 'Travels in Arabia Deserta.' =Hebron=, Palestine. 32N. 35E. Frequently mentioned in the Bible, especially in connection with David. Traditionally supposed to have been f. by Adam. The cave of Macpelah reputed to be here, containing Abraham, Isaac, Jacob, Sarah, Rebecca, and Leah. The tombs are shown of Ruth, Jesse, and Abner. Conquered by Saladin, 1187; destroyed by Ibrahim Pasha, 1834 and 1837. (See Thomson's 'Land and the Book.') =Hei-ku-tai=, Manchuria. 42N. 123E. Seized by the Russians, 1904. =Herat=, Afghanistan. 34N. 62E. Foundation attributed to Alexander the Great. Taken by Arabs, 661; by Nadir Shah, 1730; Persians defeated by British, 1837; fell to Yar Mohammed Khan, 1842; to Dost Mohammed, 1862. (See Rawlinson's 'England and Russia in the East.') =Heshbon=, Palestine. 32N. 36E. Mentioned in the Bible, and described by C. M. Doughty in 'Travels in Arabia Deserta.' =Hikone=, Japan. 35N. 137E. Contains remains of ancient Daimio castle. Battle of Sekigahare fought near here, 1600. =Hinomizaki=, Japan. 35N. 132E. Described by Lafcadio Hearn in 'Glimpses of Unfamiliar Japan.' =Hissar=, Punjab. 29N. 76E. F. by Firoz Shah Tughlak, 1356; captured by the adventurer, George Thomas, 1783; mutinied 1857. =Homs=, Syria. 35N. 37E. Aurelian conquered Zenobia, 272; city captured by Saracens, 636; by Crusaders, 1099; Turks defeated by Ibrahim Pasha in command of Egyptian forces, 1832. Bp. of Heliogabalus. (See Volney's 'Voyage en Syrie et en Egypte.') =Honawar=, Bombay. 14N. 74E. Visited by Ibn Batatu, 1342. Occupied by Portuguese, 1505; captured by British, 1783, 1799. =Hong-Kong= ('fragrant streams'), China. 22N. 114E. Occupied by British troops, 1841; ceded to Britain, 1842. (See Kipling's 'From Sea to Sea,' Little's 'Far East.') =Hor= ('mountain'), Arabia Petræa. 30N. 36E. Mountain on which tradition relates the death of Aaron took place. =Horeb=, Arabia Petræa. 29N. 34E. Mountain on which Moses is said to have seen the burning bush, and to which Elijah fled from Jezebel. (See 'Purchas His Pilgrimes.') =Hsi-ngan= ('west tranquil city'), China. 34N. 109E. Visited by Marco Polo; contains oldest mosque in China and tablet with Chinese and Syriac inscription dating from 781. Emperor and dowager empress sought refuge here, 1900.