=Caseros=, near Buenos Ayres. 34S. 58W. Final defeat of Rosas, by forces of Brazil and Uruguay, 1852. =Caxas=, Peru. 10S. 79W. De Soto at, when reconnoitring for Pizarro, 1532. Painful march of Blasco Nuñez through valley of, pursued by Gonzalo Pizarro. 1544. (See Prescott, 'Peru,' op. cit.) =Cayenne=, cap. of French Guiana. 4N. 52W. In possession in turns of French, English, and Dutch, 1604-76; restored to French and taken by English, 1809; French possession since Peace of 1814; formerly French penal settlement. =Cedar Creek=, Virginia. 39N. 77W. Confederates defeated, 1864 (Civil W.). =Cedar Mountain=, Virginia. 38N. 78W. Victory, and subsequent retreat, of 'Stonewall' Jackson, 1862 (Civil W.). =Cempoalla=, Mexico. 19N. 96W. Cortés and his troops received in state by the cacique, 1519; Cortés destroys part of his fleet, 1519; his victory over Narvaez, envoy of Velasquez, Governor of Cuba, 1520. (See Prescott, 'Conquest of Mexico.') =Cerrito=, near Montevideo. Spaniards defeated by Argentine revolutionaries, 1812. =Cerro=, S.A. Victory of Montevideans by aid of Garibaldi over the forces of Rosas, 1846. =Cerro-Cora=, Paraguay. 22S. 55W. The dictator F. S. Lopez surprised and killed by Lacerda (Chico le Diable), 1870, thus putting an end to war between Brazil and Paraguay. =Cerro Gordo=, Mexico. 26N. 105W. American victory over Mexicans and flight of Santa Ana, 1847 (Mex. W.). =Ceutla, Plains of=, Tabasco, Mexico. Defeat of Indians by Cortés, 1519. (Prescott, 'Conquest of Mexico.) =Chacabuco=, Chili. 33S. 70W. Spaniards defeated by the Argentinians under San Martin and the allied revolutionaries, 1817 (S. A. W. Ind.). =Chalco=, on lake of name, Mexico. 19N. 98W. Cortés marches along Lake of, on his way to Mexico, 1519; Mexicans defeated by Spaniards under Sandoval, 1521; noted for its 'floating gardens.' (See Prescott, 'Mexico,' op. cit.) =Chaleur Bay.= 47N. 65W. So named by Cartier, 1534. =Champion Hills=, Hind's Co., Miss. 32N. 90W. Confederates defeated by Gen. Grant, 1863 (Civil W.). =Champlain, Lake.= 44N. 73W. Named after the explorer who reached the lake and there defeated the Iroquois, 1609; American fleet under Arnold defeated by English, 1776; English fleet by American, 1814. =Chancellorsville=, near Fredericksburg, Virginia. 38N. 77W. Army of the Potomac defeated by the Confederates, and 'Stonewall' Jackson mortally wounded, 1863 (Civil W.). =Chantilly=, near Washington, Virginia. 38N. 76W. Confederates driven back, 1862 (Civil W.). =Chapultepec=, near the cap., Mexico. 19N. 99W. Ancient res. of kings of Mexico. Hill forts stormed by Gen. Scott, and Mexicans heavily defeated, 1847 (Mex. W.). =Charcas=, Mexico. 23N. 101W. Gonzalo Pizarro at, to explore the Potosi mines, 1543.