That Cirripedes have some special affinity to the Entomostraca, may be inferred from the fewness of the cephalic appendages, the biramous legs, the state of the abdomen, and the form of the carapace. Perhaps in the peculiar state of confluence of the lower segments of the gnathites, in the aborted antennæ, the rudimentary eyes, and in the minute parasitic males (when such exist), there is a more direct relation to the Suctorial division of the Entomostraca; but some of these resemblances are probably only analogical, resulting from the fixed condition of both groups. It should not be overlooked, that out of the three orders into which Cirripedes may be divided, in the two latter, the mature animal presents hardly any resemblance to an Entomostracan. From the distinct presence in either pupa or mature animal of the fourteen segments of the cephalo-thorax; from the apparent composition of the carapace, as will be subsequently explained; and from the concentrated condition of the nervous system, one is led to glance at the higher Crustacea; and here we shall find amongst the Podophthalmia, one aberrant group of low organisation, namely, that including Phyllosoma, Amphion, &c., in which more points of resemblance to Cirripedes may be detected, than, as I believe, in any other group whatever; for we here see that remarkable elongation of the head in front of the mouth, so eminently characteristic of Cirripedes; we have a carapace overlapping the thorax, which is sometimes free beneath; we have the abdomen sometimes almost obsolete; we have biramous legs: and especially we have the posterior cephalic and the first thoracic appendages more or less rudimentary and obsolete; and this, I infer from Mr. Dana, is a very rare phenomenon, though characteristic of all _ordinary_ Cirripedes, in which the seventh and eighth segments with their appendages have disappeared. In the order including Phyllosoma, &c., namely, in the Macroura, the ganglions which give nerves to the five posterior thoracic limbs, are distinct from the great sub-œsophageal ganglion which supplies the several anterior appendages; this is the case with those Cirripedes in which all the infra-œsophageal ganglions are not concentrated into one. In the Macroura and Brachyoura, the first pair of legs almost always differs in structure from the others, so does the homologous or second cirrus in Cirripedes differ from the four succeeding pairs; in some few Macroura, the second leg is antenniformed, so in some few cases is the homologous (or third) cirrus; J. Vaughan Thompson was even struck by the resemblance in the curious, doubly pectinated spines on the anterior limbs of Mysis (allied to Phyllosoma[16]), and on those of many Cirripedes: these several latter resemblances may be small, but certainly I do not believe that they are accidental. Now the little group of Crustaceans, which includes Phyllosoma, &c., has lately been placed, by Milne Edwards, as a satellite amongst the Macrourous