The males of _Scalpellum vulgare_, _ornatum_, and _rutilum_, resemble each other in all essential points, and differ wonderfully in appearance and structure from all ordinary Cirripedes. They consist of a minute flattened bag with a small orifice at the summit, and at the lower end attached by the cemented pupal antennæ. On each side of the orifice, there is a pair of calcareous beads, representing the two scuta and two terga of ordinary Cirripedes; and between the scuta a minute black eye is generally conspicuous. In _S. ornatum_ the beads, I may remark, on the two sides are not equal; those either on the right or on the left side, being larger than those on the opposite side, so that the animal externally is asymmetrical. Inside, within a tubular sack, the thorax is lodged, supporting four (instead of six) pairs of limbs; and these, instead of forming biramous, multiarticulated, captorial cirri, are reduced to almost a rudiment, supporting a few long sharp spines, which apparently act only as defensive organs. At the end of the thorax there is seated a large abdominal lobe, which does not occur in the other sex. Hence the thorax, though rudimental, has been specially modified. Of the mouth and stomach there is not a vestige. Constructed as these males are, assuredly they have no claim to be ranked amongst the Lepadidæ or pedunculated Cirripedes; nor is it possible to class them in any group whatever of ordinary Cirripedes. In _S. vulgare_ the males are attached, often several together, to the extreme edges of the two scuta, and therefore immediately over the orifice leading into the sack; in _S. rutilum_ and _ornatum_, they are attached in concavities on the under side of both scuta, just above the depression for the adductor scutorum muscle. In the former of these species, the pit for the reception of the male is formed by shelly matter not having been deposited over a certain space on the under side of the valve; and the pit is converted by a covering of membrane into a pouch. As there are two scuta so there are two pouches, in each of which a male is lodged; hence, according to the Linnean nomenclature, _Scalpellum ornatum_ may be said to belong to Diandria monogynia. As these males, from being mouthless, soon die, they are succeeded by successive pairs; the pupa being led by a wonderful instinct to crawl into the pouch, and there undergo its metamorphosis.