_Tabular Views of Universal History_ (1914); Carl Ploetz, _Manual of Universal History_, trans. and enlarged by W. H. Tillinghast, new edition (1915); _Haydn's Dictionary of Dates_, 25th ed. (1911); C. E. Little, _Cyclopædia of Classified Dates_ (1900); _Cambridge Modern History_, Vol. XIII (1911). The best atlas--a vitally necessary adjunct of historical study--is either that of W. R. Shepherd, _Historical Atlas_ (1911), or that of Ramsay Muir, _Hammond's New Historical Atlas for Students_, 2d ed. (1915); a smaller historical atlas is that of E. W. Dow (1907), and longer ones are _Cambridge Modern History_, Vol. XIV (1912) and, in German, Putzger, _Historischer Schulatlas_. Elaborate treatises on historical geography: Elisée Reclus, _The Universal Geography_, trans. and ed. by E. G. Ravenstein, 19 vols.; _Nouveau Dictionnaire de Géographie Universelle_, by Vivien de Saint-Martin and Louis Rousselet, 10 vols. See also H. B. George, _The Relations of Geography and History_ (1910) and Ellen C. Semple, _The Influence of Geographic Environment_ (1911). STANDARD SECONDARY WORKS AND SETS ON MODERN HISTORY. _The Cambridge Modern History_, 12 vols. and 2 supplementary vols. (1902-1912), planned by Lord Acton, edited by A. W. Ward, G. W. Prothero, and Stanley Leathes, written by English scholars, covering the period from 1450 to 1910, generally sound but rather narrowly political. Better balanced is the monumental work of a group of French scholars, _Histoire générale du IVe siècle à nos jours_, edited by Ernest Lavisse and Alfred Rambaud, 12 vols. (1894-1901), of which the last nine treat of the years from 1492 to 1900. For social history a series, _Histoire universelle du travail_, 12 vols., is projected under the editorship of Georges Renard. _The Encyclopædia Britannica_, 11th ed. (1910-1911), is the work mainly of distinguished scholars and a storehouse of historical information, political, social, and intellectual. Also available in English is _History of All Nations_, 24 vols. (1902), the first nineteen based on translation of Theodor Flathe, _Allgemeine Weltgeschichte_,--Vols. X-XXIV dealing with modern history,--Vol. XX, on Europe, Asia, and Africa since 1871, by C. M. Andrews, and Vols. XXI-XXIII, on American history, by John Fiske; likewise H. F. Helmolt (editor), _Weltgeschichte_, trans. into English, 8 vols. (1902-1907). Sets and series in German: Wilhelm Oncken (editor), _Allgemeine Geschichte in Einzeldarstellungen_, 50 vols. (1879-1893); _Geschichte der europäischen Staaten_, an enormous collection, appearing more or less constantly from 1829 to the present and edited successively by such famous scholars as A. H. L. Heeren, F. A. Ukert, Wilhelm von Giesebrecht, and Karl Lamprecht; G. von Below and F. Meinecke (editors), _Handbuch der mittel-alterlichen und neueren Geschichte_, a series begun in 1903 and planned, when completed, to comprise 40 vols.; Paul Hinneberg (editor), _Die Kultur der Gegenwart, ihre Entwicklung