Free verse; Modernism (Literature); Poetry, Modern -- 20th century -- History and criticism
Then, “--how can my dreams forget--”, to account grammatically for
the vivid present tense in which the whole poem is written, and to
put _dream_ in its more logical position, since in the original
poem it is doing double duty for a specific image (_fishing-net_,
following from _dragging_) and the vagueness with which the image
is felt.
The conclusion to be drawn from this exercise might be that poems must
in the future be written in the Cummings way if poetry is not to fall
to pieces altogether. But the poetry of E. E. Cummings is clearly
more important as a sign of local irritation in the poetic body than
as the model for a new tradition. The important thing to recognize,
in a time of popular though superficial education, is the necessity
of emphasizing to the reading public the differences between good
and bad poems, just such differences as we have been pointing out
here. Poems in such a time, indeed, may forget that they have any
function other than to teach the proper approach to poetry: there is
an exaggerated though excusable tendency to suspend the writing of
all poetry not intentionally critical. (There are, of course, always
exceptions: poets whose writing is so self-contained that it is not
affected by stalenesses in traditional poetry or obliged to attack
them or escape from them.) Cummings in this poem was really rewriting
the other poem which we gave into a good poem. But for the rarer poet
there is no ‘other poem’; there is only the poem which he writes.
Cummings’ technique, indeed, if further and more systematically
developed, would become so complicated that poetry would be no more
than mechanical craftsmanship, the verse patterns growing so elaborate
that the principal interest in them would be mathematical. In their
present experimental stage, and only in their experimental stage, these
patterns are undoubtedly suggestive. Poets, however, do not pursue
innovations for their own sake. They are on the whole conservative in
their methods so long as these ensure the proper security and delivery
of the poem.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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