First modern newspaper, the New York Morning Herald, founded in 1835 by James G. Bennett, _Scot_ ... New York Times founded by Henry Raymond, _Scot_, and George Jones, _Welsh_ ... chain of newspapers founded by James Scripps, _English_ ... chain of newspapers founded by Wm. Randolph Hearst, _Scotch-English_ ... editor of a ladies’ magazine, Edward Bok, _Netherlander_. Our Gifts to Social Progress and Government [Illustration] Declaration of Independence, written by Thomas Jefferson, _Welsh_, signed by 1 _Swede_, 3 _Irish_, 4 _Scots_, 5 _Welsh_, 5 _Scotch-Irish_, 38 _English_, with John Morton, _Swede_, casting deciding ballot ... the thirteen colonies were christened the “United States of America” by Thomas Paine, _English_. _Social Welfare_ Our first social reformer was Robert Owen, _Welsh_ ... first one to make use of music in social work was Wm. van de Wall, _Netherlander_ ... founder of Red Cross, Clara Barton, _English_ ... founder of Chicago’s famous Hull House was Jane Addams, _English_ ... slums attacked by Jacob Riis, _Dane_, in “How Other Half Lives” ... welfare library on Ellis Island organized by Rev. John Kweetin, _Latvian_ ... anti-saloonist and feminist, Carrie Chapman Catt, _English-German_ ... Atlanta School of Social Work, directed by Forrester Washington, _Negro_ ... Lillian Wald, _German Jew_, a social-welfare leader ... famous home for boys, Father Flanagan, _Irish_. _Government and Politics_ Two-thirds of our presidents, including Washington, are of _English_ descent ... Martin van Buren and Herbert Hoover, _German_ ... Theodore Roosevelt and Franklin Roosevelt, _Netherlanders_ ... Jefferson, Madison, John Adams, John Q. Adams, Harrison, and Garfield, _Welsh_ ... Monroe, Hayes, Grant, Wilson, and McKinley, _Scots_. Among our leading statesmen were Hamilton, Calhoun, Webster, Jefferson Davis, _Scot-Welsh_ ... James Blaine, Chauncey Depew, Stephen Douglas, mainly _Scots_ ... Patrick Henry, _Scot-English-Welsh_ ... leading civil service and tariff reformer was Carl Schurz, _German_ ... iron puddler who became Secretary of Labor, James J. Davis, _Welsh_. First governors: of Delaware, John McKinley; Georgia, John Houston; Illinois, John Boyle; Kansas, James Denver; Louisiana, Wm. Claiborne, _Irish_ or _Scotch-Irish_ ... present governor of New York, H. H. Lehman, _German Jew_; of Illinois, Henry Horner, _German Jew_ ... first governor general of Florida, Bouquet, _Swiss_ ... first president of the Republic of Texas, Sam Houston, _Scot_. Tammany Society, founded in 1789 by William Mooney, _Irish_, as protest against attempt of wealthy Tories to prevent soldiers and others from voting ... first Secretary of Treasury under Jefferson, responsible for arranging Louisiana Purchase, was Albert Gallatin, _Swiss_ ... first to fight for conservation of our forests was Carl Schurz, _German_. _Philanthropy_ [Illustration]