Astronomy with an Opera-glass: A Popular Introduction to the Study of the Starry Heavens with the Simplest of Optical InstrumentsServiss, Garrett Putman
Science
Astronomy with an Opera-glass: A Popular Introduction to the Study of the Starry Heavens with the Simplest of Optical Instruments
Serviss, Garrett Putman
Astronomy
Now direct your glass to the northernmost of the two little stars near
Vega, the one marked Epsilon ([epsilon]) in the map. You will perceive
that it is composed of two stars of almost equal magnitude. If you had a
telescope of considerable power, you would find that each of these stars
is in turn double. In other words, this wonderful star which appears
single to the unassisted eye, is in reality quadruple, and there is
reason to think that the four stars composing it are connected in
pairs, the members of each pair revolving around their common center
while the two pairs in turn circle around a center common to all. With a
field-glass you will be able to see that the other star near Vega, Zeta
([zeta]), is also double, the distance between its components being
three quarters of a minute, while the two stars in [epsilon] are a
little less than 31/2' apart. The star Beta ([beta]) is remarkably
variable in brightness. You may watch these variations, which run
through a regular period of about 12 days, 213/4 hours, for yourself.
Between Beta and Gamma ([gamma]) lies the beautiful Ring nebula, but it
is hopelessly beyond the reach of the optical means we are employing.
Let us turn next to the stars in the west. In consulting the
accompanying map of Virgo and Booetes (Map No. 11), the observer is
supposed to face the southwest, at the hours and dates mentioned above
as those to which the circular map corresponds. He will then see the
bright star Spica in Virgo not far above the horizon, while Arcturus
will be half-way up the sky, and the Northern Crown will be near the
zenith.
The constellation Virgo is an interesting one in mythological story.
Aratus tells us that the Virgin's home was once on earth, where she bore
the name of Justice, and in the golden age all men obeyed her. In the
silver age her visits to men became less frequent, "no longer finding
the spirits of former days"; and, finally, when the brazen age came with
the clangor of war:
"Justice, loathing that race of men,
Winged her flight to heaven; and fixed
Her station in that region
Where still by night is seen
The Virgin goddess near to bright Booetes."
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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