The natives state that this disease was introduced by the white man, and certainly it is within the knowledge of many that even in the last twenty years its prevalence has greatly increased among the tribes, probably due to the common use of drinking and other utensils and the close and often overcrowded life led at night in the huts. Another undoubted cause of spread is the lewd practices which accompany, of late years, the ceremonies of Intonyane and Abakweta at puberty. Leprosy. I-qenqa or In-Gqinda, said to be caused by suddenly seeing the Icanti in his natural form in the river. This suddenly seeing something is called “Ukwalama” and a person who has thus seen the Icanti must not talk until he has been doctored lest he take some disease such as the I-qenqa. Some of the Kaffir doctors blame Hottentots (an altogether different race) for having introduced leprosy among them from the Cape Colony. It is certainly a disease of comparatively recent occurrence amongst the Kaffir. Treatment. If seen in the early stages the leaves of the Umsolo omkulu, a plant found in marshy places, are bruised and boiled. The decoction is drunk and used as a lotion locally. Under this treatment the sores are said to diminish or even disappear. Note. From what I can gather the skin manifestations, are, as one would expect, confused with other skin diseases such as eczema psoriasis &c. Mortification. Uku fa (death.) A case of spreading gangrene of the hand came under my notice which was treated by a Native doctor, my patient refusing resolutely to have the hand amputated. The method of his doctor was the following: In the floor of a small hut a hole was dug four feet deep by one foot diameter and this filled with soft dung, taken, warm from the intestine of an ox killed for that purpose. The patient was laid on his side and his arm fixed down in this hole where it was kept for ten days; the patient in the meantime being fed freely of the ox’s meat and soup, as well as being freely supplied with Kaffir beer. The doctor was practically continuously in attendance all the time. Result, gangrene stopped and spontaneous amputation at the seat of the disease, lower third of the forearm. He informed me that the bones stuck out when his arm was withdrawn and some sinews were adherent to the diseased hand. The bones were forcibly broken off and the sinews cut. When I saw the wound it was healing very slowly and he came to me to see if some salve would not heal it. Gangrene of parts after accident, or foul sores are all treated with poultices, powder or ointments made from the Um-sintsi (large Kaffir broom), Withania (Ubu-vumba) etc. Scurvy is unknown to the native in his uncivilised state, and owing to the large proportion of his diet being vegetable, it must be of extremely rare occurrence.