Bronchitis, Consumption, Isifuba, the chest; a generic term used generally to indicate a complaint with a cough. Consumption is only recently known although, painful to relate, it is now becoming rather prevalent. Treatment. Various decoctions are used and usually in large quantities. The plants Umsintsana (Erythrina Humei), Ubu-vumba (Withania somnifera), Um-pafa (Ziziphus mucronata), Undende, Um-kwenkwe (Pittosporum virideflorum), Ise-dikele (Lasiosiphon Meisneri), Um-bungosh (Eichensteinia interrupta). The root of this last boiled in milk has a great reputation. It has, however, to be used with caution as it is liable to cause severe headaches. Um-hlonyane (Artemisia Afr), I-colocolo (Helichrysum nudiflorum), Umtumana (Solanum Capense), In-dlebe yemvu (Helichrysum appendiculatum), In zinziniba (Lippia asperifolia), I-tyolo (Clematis brachiata), etc., are all used in the form of decoction or infusion in chest cases with cough or in Umbefu (Asthma.) The leaves may be smoked or burned in a closed hut and so inhaled. In cases where there is pain as well as cough as in Pleurisy, I-hlaba (a stitch) the roots and bark of Um-nungumabele (Xanthoxylon Capense) (wild cardamom) are boiled and freely used. The skin over the pain is freely incised and scarified “Ukuqapula” and the powdered dry root of the Xanthoxylon well rubbed in. This local treatment is called “Uku faka umhlabelo.” Note: Special inquiry elicits the fact, that except where European influence has intervened poultices are not used in chest complaints without local pain. E. CIRCULATORY SYSTEM. Heart Disease, Aneurysm are not specially recognised as such. Mothers Marks. “Isifo” are looked upon as the result of some item in the ceremony of the “Intonjane” (menstruation ceremony), or marriage ceremony of the mother having been omitted. The mother is often sent back to the parents, who have to return the lobola (price of a wife paid by the husband to the parents); or the child is weaned at once, doctored by incantations, etc., the while the mother confesses her sins before the people. No local treatment is adopted but should the mark be conspicuous and persist, the infant during life is looked upon as one specially marked out by the ancestral spirits and may in time become a great sorcerer (Isanuse). A curious practice is sometimes carried out with the idea of preventing this viz.: the periodical use of severe purging by the mother by means of the tuberous root of the Um-Nyangi (Phytolacca stricta). Varicose Veins. Umtambo omkulu wyazi occur usually in pregnant women, and are treated by other women by cupping, sometimes by incision or rubbing, or cold affusions. F. SKIN DISEASES. Itch. Uku-rauzela is not usually distinguished from intolerable itching (Um-babane) and both are treated by washing the parts and rubbing in animal fats; or applying Iyeza lomlambo, a parisiticide; or umtuma, one of the solanums of similar action.