United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Campaigns
The final Federal charge was made at this point by Colonel Barlow, who
displayed the utmost bravery, where he won a brigadier-generalship.
He was later wounded and carried off the field. The Confederates had
fought desperately to hold their position at Bloody Lane, and when
it was captured it was filled with dead bodies. It was now after one
o'clock and the firing ceased for the day on the Union right and center.
General Burnside was in command of the Federal left wing and had
remained inactive for some hours after the battle had begun at the
other end of the line, having finally received orders from McClellan
to cross the stone bridge, since known as Burnside's Bridge, and drive
the Confederates out of their strong position. The Confederates at
this bridge were commanded by General Toombs, who had orders from
General Lee to hold the bridge at all hazards. They were behind strong
breastworks and rifle pits, which commanded the bridge with both a
direct and enfilading fire. General Robert Toombs had been a former
United States senator and a member of Jefferson Davis' cabinet. Perhaps
the most notable event of his life was the holding of the Burnside
Bridge at Antietam for three hours against the fearful onslaughts of
the Federals. Burnside's chief officer at this time was General Jacob
D. Cox, afterwards governor of Ohio, who succeeded General Reno, killed
at South Mountain or Boonsborough Gap. On General Cox fell the task of
capturing the stone bridge.
The Confederates had been weakened at this point by the sending of
Walker to the support of Jackson, where, as we have noticed, he took
part in the deadly assault upon Sedgwick's division.
Toombs, with his small force, had a hard task of defending the bridge,
notwithstanding his advantage of position. McClellan sent several
urgent orders to General Burnside to cross the bridge at all hazards.
Burnside forwarded these to Cox and in the fear that the latter would
not be able to carry the bridge by a direct front attack, he sent
General Rodman with a division to cross the creek at a ford below. This
was accomplished after much difficulty. One assault after another was
made upon the bridge in rapid succession, which was at length carried
at the cost of 500 men. Burnside charged up the hill and drove the
Confederates almost to Sharpsburg. The fighting along the Sharpsburg
road might have resulted in the Confederates' disaster and the capture
of General Lee's headquarters had it not been for the timely arrival
of A. P. Hill's division, which emerged out of a cloud of dust on the
Harper's Ferry road and came upon the field at double quick, and, under
a heavy fire of artillery, charged upon Burnside's columns and after
severe fighting, in which General Rodman was mortally wounded, drove
the Federals back almost to the bridge. The pursuit was checked by the
Federal artillery on the eastern side of the stream. Darkness closed
the conflict.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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