Chambers's Journal of Popular Literature, Science, and Art, Fifth Series, No. 39, Vol. I, September 27, 1884Various
Science
Chambers's Journal of Popular Literature, Science, and Art, Fifth Series, No. 39, Vol. I, September 27, 1884
Various
Periodicals
At a flower-show at Frome the other day, prizes were offered by Miss
Ormerod, the consulting entomologist to the Royal Agricultural Society
of England, for the best collection of food-plants injured by insects,
accompanied by samples of the injurious creatures themselves, and a
short written account of the nature of their depredations and the
preventive measures to be adopted in dealing with them. There was only
one competitor, Mr Herbert Haley of Frome; but the collection which he
showed was a very complete one, and was most highly commended by Miss
Ormerod. As this was the first injurious-insect competition in this
country, and was probably known to comparatively few persons, we need
not be surprised at the want of competitors. Ten years ago in Paris, a
similar Exhibition took place, in which nearly four hundred competitors
took part. The exhibits included useful as well as injurious insects,
which were divided into separate classes. Such competitions ought to be
productive of a great amount of good.
Recent experiments have led to the adoption of many alterations in the
torpedo system, which is likely to play such an important part in naval
operations of the future. Hitherto, the torpedo—a huge fish-like case
to hold explosives, and containing within itself an air-engine for
propelling it through the water—was thrust from a ship’s side below
the water-line. But it was found in practice that it was impossible to
fire the agent of destruction in a straight line, especially if its
mother-ship were under way. In the new method, the torpedo, which is
sixteen feet long and fourteen inches in diameter, is fitted into a
steel tube just large enough to contain the projectile. The pressure
of a key admits highly compressed air to this tube, and the torpedo
is shot out of an open port on exactly the same principle that a pea
is projected from a pea-shooter. But in the case of the torpedo, its
little but powerful engine is set to work the moment it reaches the
water, and away speeds the torpedo on its terrible errand.
Professor Tuck of New York has constructed an electric torpedo boat,
which will render submarine warfare very terrible, if the hopes raised
by its recent trial are fulfilled. It is made of iron, in the shape of
a cigar, or rather pointed at each end, and is thirty feet in length.
It can travel on the surface of the water, or several feet below,
at the will of its commander. The torpedoes are carried outside the
vessel, and can be detached by the action of an electro-magnet, when it
is desired to let one rise to the surface against any ship that may be
lying overhead. By means of attached wires, the torpedo can be exploded
when the submarine boat has retired to a position of safety. Jules
Verne’s clever romance _Thirty Thousand Leagues under the Sea_, seems
here to come into play.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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