Charles Darwin and the Theory of Natural Selection — John Shaqi
Charles Darwin and the Theory of Natural SelectionPoulton, Edward Bagnall, Sir
Science
Charles Darwin and the Theory of Natural Selection
Poulton, Edward Bagnall, Sir
Darwin, Charles, 1809-1882; Natural selection
About the time of the excursion with Sedgwick (the exact date is
uncertain) Professor Henslow received a letter from George Peacock
(formerly Dean of Ely and Lowndean Professor of Astronomy at Cambridge)
stating that he had the offer to recommend a young man as naturalist
to accompany Captain Fitzroy on a surveying expedition to many parts
of the world. Leonard Jenyns (afterwards Blomefield) was evidently
considered to be the most suitable person for the position, but he
was unable to accept it. Henslow at once wrote (August 24th, 1831) to
Darwin, and advised him to do his utmost to obtain the position, and
Darwin found the letter waiting for him on his return home after the
geological excursion with Sedgwick. As his father greatly disliked the
idea, Darwin at once wrote (August 30th) and declined, and the next
day went to Maer to be ready for the shooting on September 1st. Here,
however, his uncle, Josiah Wedgwood, took a very different view from
that adopted by his father, with the result that both he and Darwin
wrote (August 31st) to Shrewsbury and reopened the question. Darwin’s
letter shows the most touching deference to his father’s wishes, and
the gravest apprehension lest he should be rendered “uncomfortable” or
“uneasy” by any further suggestion as to the possibility of the voyage,
although his father had said, “If you can find any man of common-sense
who advises you to go, I will give my consent.” We also learn from the
“Autobiography” that his uncle sent for him whilst out shooting and
drove him the thirty miles to Shrewsbury, in order that they might talk
with his father, who then at once consented. This must have been on
September 1st, 1831.
From this time until he went to Plymouth, on October 24th--the final
start was not until December 27th--his letters show that he had a very
busy time making purchases and preparing for the voyage. These letters
breathe the warmest affection to the members of his family and his
friends, together with the keenest enthusiasm for Captain Fitzroy, the
ship, and the voyage.
The voyage of the _Beagle_ lasted from December 27th, 1831, to October
2nd, 1836. Darwin says that it was “by far the most important event in
my life, and has determined my whole career.... I have always felt that
I owe to the voyage the first real training or education of my mind”
(_l. c._, p. 61). He attributes the greatest share in this training to
geology, among the special sciences, because of the reasoning involved
in making out the structure of a new and unknown district; but he
considers that the habits of “energetic industry and of concentrated
attention” which he then acquired were of the utmost importance, and
the secret of all his success in science. He tells us that the love of
sport was present at first in all its keenness, but that he gradually
abandoned it for scientific work.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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