Children's Ways: Being selections from the author's "Studies of childhood," with some additional matterSully, James
Science
Children's Ways: Being selections from the author's "Studies of childhood," with some additional matter
Sully, James
Child development; Child psychology
Throughout this work of mastering our language a child is wont to eke
out his deficiencies by bold strokes of originality. When, for example,
a little girl towards the end of the second year, after being jumped by
her father, wants him to jump her mother also, says, in default of the
word "jump," "Make mamma high". Robert Hamerling, the Austrian poet,
when a child, being told by his sick mother that he had not said
something she wished him to say, answered, "I said it, but you didn't
hear, you are poorly, and so _blind in the ear_". Quite pretty metaphors
are sometimes hit upon, as when a little boy of two seeing his father
putting a piece of wood on the fire said, "Flame going to eat it". A boy
of twenty-seven months ingeniously said, "It rains off," for "The rain
has left off". Once a girl about the same age as the boy hit on the
idiom, "No two 'tatoes left," for "Only one potato is left". Pretty
constructions sometimes appear in these make-shifts, as when a little
girl of whom Mrs. Meynell tells, wishing to know how far she might go in
spending money on fruit, asked, "What mustn't it be more than?"
_The Interpreter of Words._
There is one part of this task of mastering our language which deserves
especial notice, _viz._, the puzzling out of the meanings we put, or try
to put, into our words.
Many good stories of children show that they have a way of sadly
misunderstanding our words. This arises often from the ignorance of the
child and the narrowness of his experience, as when a Sunday school
scholar understood the story of the good Samaritan to mean that a
gentleman came and poured some paraffin (_i.e._, oil) over the poor man.
By a child's mind what we call accidentals often get taken to be the
real meaning. A boy and a girl, twins, had been dressed alike. Later on
the boy was put into a "suit". A lady asked the girl about this time
whether they were not the twins, when she replied, "No, we _used_ to
be". "Twin" was inseparably associated in her mind with the similarity
in dress.
It should be remembered, too, that we greatly add to the difficulties of
the small student of our language by reason of the ambiguities of our
expressions, and of our short and elliptical modes of speaking. It was a
quite natural misconception when an American child, noting that children
were "half price" at a certain show, wanted his mother to get a baby now
that they were cheap. Many another child besides Jean Ingelow has been
saddened at being told by her father or other grown-up who was dancing
her on his knee that he must put her down as he "had a bone in his leg".
Much misapprehension arises, too from our figurative use of language,
which the little listener is apt to interpret in a very literal way, as
when a small boy indignantly resented the statement of his mother who
was driving him behind a rather skittish pony, "Pony has lost his head".
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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