Children's Ways: Being selections from the author's "Studies of childhood," with some additional matterSully, James
Science
Children's Ways: Being selections from the author's "Studies of childhood," with some additional matter
Sully, James
Child development; Child psychology
Along with this serious work of observing things there often goes a
particularly bright and exact recollection of them and their names.
Feats of memory in the first three years are, I suspect, a common theme
of discourse among admiring mothers. Here is a sample of many stories
sent me. A little girl only nine months old when taken out for a walk
was shown some lambs at the gate of a field. On being taken the same
road three weeks later she surprised her mother by calling out just
before arriving at the gate, "Baa, baa!" Later on children will remember
through much longer intervals. A little boy of two years on seeing a
girl cousin who lived in the country where he had visited five months
before, at once asked whether her dog "Bruce" barked. Another boy aged
two years and ten months on revisiting his mother's paternal home in
Italy after four or five months remembered small details, _e.g._, how
the grapes were cut, and how the wine was made.
Nor does the busy brain of the child stop at observing and recalling
what lies about him. He begins at an early age to compare this thing
with that, and to note the relations and connections of things, how he
is almost as tall as the table, for example, and a good deal taller than
pussy, how he has a spoon while his elders have knives and forks, and so
forth. And all the while he is trying to get at the general rule or law
which obtains in this and that realm of things.
The first attempts of a child to grasp the causal connections of things
are apt to be quaint enough. Professor Preyer tells us that his little
boy, having been told to blow on his hand which had been hurt, proceeded
afterwards when he had struck his head against something "to blow of his
own accord, supposing that the blowing would have a soothing effect,
even when it did not reach the injured part".[6]
[6] _The Development of the Intellect_ (Appleton & Co.), p. 155.
Since the little searcher in trying to piece his facts together in their
proper connections must, as all of us do, make use of such experiences
as he happens to have, he will pretty certainly fall into the error of
"hasty generalisation," as we call it, taking things to be really
connected which accidentally occur together, it may be in a single
instance only. An American boy of ten who had happened to have a teacher
who was short and cross, and a second who was tall and very kind, said
to his new teacher, who struck him as short, "I'm afraid you'll make a
cross teacher". Yet while we smile at such simplicity ought we not to
remember that older people, too, sometimes commit similar blunders, and
that after all the impulse to reason can only work itself into a good
sound faculty by risking such blunders?
_The Pertinacious Questioner._
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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