Comparative Breeding Behavior of Ammospiza caudacuta and A. maritimaWoolfenden, Glen Everett
Science
Comparative Breeding Behavior of Ammospiza caudacuta and A. maritima
Woolfenden, Glen Everett
Sparrows
Seven nests of the Sharp-tailed Sparrow were found; two of these were
old nests. Four of the five nests used in the breeding season of 1955
were found on the Lavallette marsh study area, the other one I
discovered on the Chadwick marshes. Two young Sharp-tailed Sparrows
that I saw at Lavallette were not from nests I found, nor were they
from the same nest. Therefore, a minimum of six Sharp-tailed Sparrows
bred on the Lavallette island. Measurements were taken of only the five
nests that were used in 1955. The Sharp-tailed Sparrow builds its nest
closer to the ground than does the Seaside Sparrow. The five nests were
five to six inches off the ground; the two nests of a previous year
appeared to have been no higher. The Sharp-tailed Sparrow nests were
built in areas where black grass was the predominant plant, and the
nests were constructed entirely from this grass. The outside diameters
varied from 3 to 4.25 inches (3.4 inch average). The outside depth of
the nests varied from 2 to 3.5 inches (2.8 inch average). The inside
depth was 1.5 inches in all nests and the inside diameter ranged from 2
to 2.5 inches (2.1 inch average).
Harrison F. Lewis (1920:587) studied a nest of _A. c. subvirgata_ in a
small salt marsh near Bunker's Island at the southern end of Yarmouth
Harbor, Yarmouth, Nova Scotia, which he found on June 12, 1920. For
details of this nest I quote Dr. Lewis. "The nest proper was a neat,
round cup of fine, dry, dead grass, with some horsehair in the lining.
Its foundation consisted of some small masses of 'eel-grass' and roots.
Its dimensions were: inside diameter, 2.5 in.; outside diameter, 4.5
in.; inside depth, 1.5 in.; outside depth 2.375 in. It was elevated
above the general surface of the marsh by being placed on the top of a
low, grassy ridge, about fourteen inches high, formed from material
thrown up when a ditch was dug across the marsh, many years before.
During some storm a mat of dead 'eel-grass' had been left on top of
this ridge, and this had later been lifted by the growing marsh grass,
leaving several inches between it and the ground. The nest was placed
on the northwest edge of this mat, about half of the nest being under
it, while the other side was sheltered and concealed by grass about six
inches high. The nest was not sunk in the ground at all."
Two of the nests found were entered from the north-northeast, the other
three from the east-southeast. All five nests were sheltered above by
stems of black grass. Three of the nests were beneath a layer of dead
black grass where a clump of erect living stems parted the mat. One
nest (pl. 4, fig. a) was situated where cattail stubs held the black
grass somewhat erect. Green stalks as well as dead stalks were woven
into a canopy over this nest. Another nest was constructed on a mat of
black grass under and among numerous horizontal living stems, some of
which were woven into the outer lining of the nest (pl. 4, fig. b).
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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