Cranial Osteology of the Hylid Frog, Smilisca baudiniTrueb, Linda
Science
Cranial Osteology of the Hylid Frog, Smilisca baudini
Trueb, Linda
Skull; Smilisca baudini
_The septomaxillary._--The septomaxillary (_spmax._, Fig. 9a-c) is a
triradiate bone. The anterior terminus is a thin sliver of bone
oriented horizontally between the cavum principale and cavum medium
and lateral to the lamina superior (Figs. 5 and 8a). This anterior
ramus of the septomaxillary increases in size posteriorly and diverges
medially into a medial ramus (_med. r. spmax._) and lateral ramus
(_lat. r. spmax._, Fig. 9a-b) to accommodate the confluence of the
cavum principale and cavum medium (Figs. 6 and 8b-c). The small medial
ramus is associated with the distal end of the lamina superior whereas
the lateral ramus lies dorsal to the lateral margin of the cavum
medium. Just anterior to the anterior end of the nasolacrimal duct,
the ventral ramus of the septomaxillary (_vent. r. spmax._, Fig. 9c)
is present in cross-sections ventral to the cavum medium. The ventral
ramus joins the horizontal and dorsal rami of the septomaxillary at
the anterior end of the nasolacrimal duct. The medial branch terminates
posteriorly at the level at which the cavum principale joins the cavum
inferior. The lateral ramus of the septomaxillary terminates
posteriorly at the level at which the recessus medialis diverges from
the recessus lateralis posteriorly and cavum principale and recessus
lateralis are confluent.
_Planum terminale._--Posterior to the infundibulum the lamina inferior
and oblique cartilage join to form the planum terminale (_pla. term._)
which lies lateral to the cavum principale (Fig. 10). The lamina
inferior diverges ventrally from the planum terminale anterior to the
olfactory eminence. The planum terminale is restricted ventrally and
terminates at the level of the olfactory eminence (_olf. em._,
Fig. 11).
[Illustration: FIG. 8. Transverse sections through olfactory
capsule in region of septomaxillary: _a_) anterior terminus of
septomaxillary; _b_) medial divergence of septomaxillary; _c_)
dorsal ramus of septomaxillary; _d_) posterolateral terminus of
septomaxillary. Encircled numbers represent the nasal cavities as
follows: 1) cavum principale; 2) cavum medium; and 3) cavum
inferius. Abbreviations: _al. c._, alary cartilage; _ant. spmax._,
anterior end of septomaxillary; _cr. int._, crista intermedia;
_dor. r. spmax._, dorsal ramus of septomaxillary; _ext. nar._,
external nares; _inf. pnas. c._, inferior prenasal cartilage; _l.
inf._, lamina inferior; _l. sup._, lamina superior; _lat. r.
spmax._, lateral ramus of septomaxillary; _med. r. spmax._, medial
ramus of septomaxillary; _nas._, nasal; _nlc. dt._, nasolacrimal
duct; _obl. c._, oblique cartilage; _pvom._, prevomer; _sept.
nas._, septum nasi; _sol. nas._, solum nasi; _spmax._,
septomaxillary; _tect. nas._, tectum nasi.]
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