Fig. 33, also on Plate VIII., illustrates more particularly a class of
one of the systems, the cubic, which is of lower than holohedral (full)
systematic symmetry. This is the case also with hydrogen potassium
tartrate and ammonium magnesium phosphate, but the forms shown of those
salts on the slides represented in Figs. 28 and 29 are chiefly those
which are also common to the holohedral classes of their respective
systems, and the lower class symmetry is not emphasised. But here in
Fig. 33, representing Schlippe’s salt, sodium sulphantimoniate,
Na_{3}SbS_{4}.9H_{2}O, we have very clear development of the
tetrahedron, belonging to the lowest of the five classes (class 28) of
the cubic system. The crystals are almost all combinations of two
complementary tetrahedra, one of which is developed so very much more
than the other that the faces of the latter only appear as minute
replacements at the corners of the predominating tetrahedron.
This is the last for the present of these fascinating growths of
crystals under the microscope, but three more will be given
subsequently, in Figs. 99 and 100, on Plate XXI., and Fig. 101, Plate
XI., to illustrate crystallisation from metastable and labile solutions.
Fig. 34, Plate IX., represents another kind of phenomenon, equally
instructive. It shows a field in a crystal of quartz, as seen under the
same power of the microscope, a one-inch objective with small stop and
an ordinary low power eyepiece. Just above and to the left of the centre
of the field is a cavity, the shape of which is remarkable, for it is
that of a quartz crystal, a hexagonal prism terminated by rhombohedral
faces. The cavity is filled with a saturated solution of salt, except
for a bubble of water vapour, and a beautiful little cube of sodium
chloride which has crystallised out from the solution. This slide,
therefore, gives us an example of a natural cubic crystal, and also an
indication of the shape of quartz crystals, the cavity itself being a
kind of negative quartz crystal. The crystal in which it occurs must
have been formed very deep down in a reservoir of molten material
beneath a volcano, under the great pressure of superincumbent rock
masses. It was probably one of the quartz crystals of a granite rock
which had crystallised under these conditions. Almost every crystal of
quartz found in such granite rocks displays thousands of small cavities
filled with liquid and a bubble, although it is very rare to find one
with so good a cube of salt and having the configuration of a quartz
crystal for the shape of the cavity. Many such cavities, however,
contain as the liquid compressed carbonic acid, the very fact of the
carbonic acid being in the liquefied state affording ample evidence of
the pressure under which the crystal was formed. The proof that the
liquid is carbonic acid in these cases is afforded by the fact that when
the crystal is warmed to 32°C., the critical temperature of carbon
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
Reviews
Reviews
No reviews yet
Be the first to share your thoughts on this work.
Join the Discussion
Join the discussion
Sign in to leave a comment or review.
Sign InorCreate an account