Japanese does not have the genders feminine, masculine, and neuter as Latin does. There are, however, certain nouns which are feminine or masculine because of their meaning. Other nouns are common to both these genders. For things which do not have a proper gender _vo_ is placed before masculine nouns and _me_ before feminine; e.g., _voivo_ means 'male fish' and _meivo_ 'female fish,' _vojica_ means 'roe-buck,' _melica_ [_mejica_] 'roe-doe,'[58] _coma_ means 'horse,' _zoiacu_ 'mare,' _xô_ means 'male hawk,' _dai_ 'female hawk,' _cotoi_ means 'bull,' _meuxi_ 'cow,' _votoco_ means 'man,' _vonago_, _nhóbó_, or _vonna_ 'woman.' All these words are placed in the dictionary as they come to mind. The nominal adjectives have no gender or declension but make use of the same particles as the nouns. There are however many and diverse adjectives. Certain ones end in _ai_ others in _oi_, _ei_, _ui_ and _ij_. There are other, more proper adjectives, which are formed by adding _no_ to nouns. When the first five types of adjectives are placed before nouns they are then properly adjectives and do not in any way alter the composition of {115} the sentence. But when they are placed after nouns they become more like verbs and are in fact conjugated like them; e.g., _tacai iama_ 'a high mountain,' _xiguei ideiri_ 'frequent comings and goings,' _caxicoi_ (10 _fito_ 'a wise man,' _cavaij mono_ 'a wretched thing,' _aiaui coto_ 'a dangerous thing,' _umare tçuqi no cuchi_ 'one's natural, or mother tongue.' There are also adjectives ending in _na_ which, when they are placed before nouns, do not alter the construction; e.g., _qirei na coto_ 'a clean thing.' All the adjectives, except those ending in _no_, change their form in some way when they occur before verbs. Those that end in _ai_ change to _ó_; e.g., _cono iama va tacó gozaru_ 'this mountain is lofty.' Those ending in _ei_ change to _eô_; e.g., _cono iama va xigueô gozaru_ 'these mountains are dense.' Those ending in _oi_ change to _ô_; e.g., _caxicô gozaru_ 'he is wise.' Those ending in _ui_ change to _ú_; e.g., _xei no ficú gozaru_ 'he is small in stature.' Those ending in _ii_ [_ij_] change to _iú_; e.g., _caiú gozaru_ 'it itches.'[59] Among those adjectives ending in _ij_ there are many which come from verbs; e.g., _nozomi,u_ means 'to wish,' and from it comes _nozomaxij_ 'which is to be wished for.' Other adjectives come from nouns; e.g., _varambe_ means 'a child, or infant,' and from this comes _varamberaxij_ which means 'childish.' Other examples may be found in the dictionary.