Adjectives which end in _na_ change the _na_ to _ni_ when they are placed before verbs; e.g., _fuxin ni zonzuru_ 'I think it doubtful.' The adjectives that end in _no_ sometimes change the _no_ to _na_; e.g., _bechi no fito_ changes to _bechi na fito_ 'a different man.' Sometimes when it is followed by a verb the _na_ changes to a _ni_; e.g., _bechi ni gozaru_ 'it is different.' However, the meaning remains the same whether the word ends in _na_ or _no_; e.g., _bechi no fito no cuhi cara qiita_ [... _cuchi_ ...] is the same as _bechi na fito no cuchi cara qiita_ 'I heard it from the mouth of a different person.'[60] The only difference in these forms is that when the word ends in _no_ no change occurs as a consequence of what follows. But, as has been said, those adjectives that end in _na_ change to _ni_ when they come before a verb. If a substantive verb follows an adjective, it is an elegant statement; e.g., _cono iami va tacó gozaru_ 'this mountain is high.' But if this kind of verb does not follow, the sense {116} is not altered since the adjective is used as a substantive verb. But this is not used before superiors. To them we will not say _cono iama va tacai_ but rather _cono iama va tacó gozaru_. The same is true for the other adjectives. Adjectives usually end in _i_ but infrequently these adjectives change to _xi_ or to _qu_. _Ioi_, which means 'good,' changes to _ioqu_, or _ioxi_; e.g., _ioqu dancó xite_, which has the meaning of 'offering good (11 council.'[61] There are innumerable nouns which become adjectives if _na_ is suffixed to them; e.g., _afo_ means 'ignorance' and from it comes the word _afo na_ which means 'ignorant,' _jiiu_ means 'liberty' and _jiiu na_ means 'which is free.' Other examples are offered by the dictionary. There are certain abstract nouns which become adjectives when they precede a vocable (_vocabulis_) with the meaning of 'man'; e.g., _jifi_ means 'pity,' but when the word _jin_ is placed after it, it becomes _jifijin_ 'a pitiable person.' _Fin_ means 'poverty,' but when the word _nin_ is suffixed to it, it becomes _finnin_ 'a poor person.' In the same way, when one suffixes _ja_ to _fin_, it makes _finja_, which also means 'a poor person.' The word _ban_ means 'watch,' but if the word _ja_ is added to it, it becomes _banja_ 'a careful person.' Many other examples can be found in the dictionary. There are in Japanese certain words which are borrowed from Chinese, called _cobita_[62] or _coie_, and are written together to form by their union a noun and an adjective. Thus, _ten_ mean 'heaven,' _xu_ means 'lord,' and _tenxu_ means 'lord of heaven.'