Thus we may fairly say that the genera _Anteoides_, _Opisthodrilus_, _Andiodrilus_, _Holoscolex_, _Glossoscolex_, _Rhinodrilus_, _Andiorrhinus_, _Fimoscolex_, _Enantiodrilus_, _Notiodrilus_, _Chilota_, _Yagansia_ and _Kerria_ are at least very distinctive of S. America and that they are represented by the large majority of species found in that continent, the total being 120 or slightly more. Leaving the American Continent and adjacent islands and archipelagos, the next great land-mass to receive attention will be the Continent of Africa. In giving a census of the species and genera of earthworms which inhabit this quarter of the globe it must be premised that the facts relate only to Africa south of the Sahara. But little is known of the genera which occur in Algeria and Morocco, but from what little is known it is clear that they should come into consideration in connection with the fauna of Europe and not with that of tropical and south temperate Africa. We have in the first place to consider an entirely peculiar family, of fair extent in genera and species, which is limited to this region of the world; that is to say with one apparent exception which is clearly only apparent. The genus _Eudrilus_ is one of the few kinds of worms that turns up in collections from every tropical part of the world and even at times from more temperate countries. It is one of those 'peregrine' forms, as Dr Michaelsen has termed them, which possess unusual facilities for extending their range. Presumably its real home is Africa. This family is known as the Eudrilidae though by some it is only regarded as a sub-family of the Megascolecidae. In this family we have the following genera: _Eudriloides_ with 11 species, _Platydrilus_ with 11 species, _Megachaetina_ with two species, _Reithrodrilus_ with one, _Stuhlmannia_ with five species, _Notykus_ and _Bogertia_ with one species each, _Metadrilus_ also with but one species, _Pareudrilus_ with perhaps five, _Libyodrilus_ with one and _Nemertodrilus_ with two species, _Metschaina_ with two species, _Eudrilus_ with two (or possibly more?) species, _Parascolex_ with four species, _Preussiella_ with two, _Buttneriodrilus_ with two, _Eminoscolex_ with 16 species, _Hyperiodrilus_, _Heliodrilus_, _Alvania_, _Rosadrilus_, _Kaffania_, _Euscolex_, _Metascolex_, _Beddardiella_, _Gardullaria_ with only one species to each genus, _Bettonia_ with three species, _Teleudrilus_ with 15 species, _Polytoreutus_ with 22 species, _Iridodrilus_ with two, _Malodrilus_ also with two, _Neumanniella_ with eight, _Eupolytoreutus_ with two and _Teleutoreutus_ with only one species.