This completes the list of the Eudrilidae. We will take the huge family Megascolecidae next; and we find in tropical Africa that the genus _Dichogaster_ alone contains at least 93 species confined to Africa, as well as a few which it shares in common with America, and the common and widely spread _D. bolavi_ which has even made its way to Europe. Of the sub-family Ocnerodrilinae we have the genus _Gordiodrilus_ with seven species, a genus which also occurs in Madagascar and the West Indies: _Nannodrilus_ with three species, _Diaphorodrilus_ with one species and a few examples of _Ocnerodrilus_ and its sub-genera, some of which are also forms that occur elsewhere in the world, for example _Nematogenia panamensis_. Of _Pygmæodrilus_ there are eight or nine species. Of the sub-family Acanthodrilinae the Cape region of South Africa harbours some seven species of the genus _Notiodrilus_, of which one however is a West African form. The allied _Chilota_ has 13 species, and there is a peculiar genus _Holoscolex_ near to _Yagansia_ with one species. We next have to deal with the Geoscolecidae, of which a sub-family, Microchaetinae, is mainly found in Africa, the rest being found in the neighbouring Madagascar and some few in the East. _Microchaetus_ contains about 14 species, _Tritogenia_ perhaps three, _Callidrilus_ two, and the genus _Glyphidrilus_, mainly found in Asia, has one species in the region now under consideration. In addition to these Geoscolecids there is the peculiar and largely aquatic _Alma_ with six or seven species in East, West, and Central, Africa, and in the Nile region. Summing up the genera which are found in tropical and South Africa we find that there are 44 which are abundant in, or entirely confined to, the region. In addition to these four or so occur in Africa but are either more abundant elsewhere or (as in the case of _Chilota_ and _Notiodrilus_) are equally distinctive of other parts of the world. The number of species may be estimated at 270, possibly rather more. Clearly therefore this part of the world is much richer than South America, both in numbers of genera actually found, and peculiar to the country, and numbers of species. Passing from Africa the next definite quarter of the globe which will detain us here is the island of Madagascar, so remarkable for the Mammalian fauna which characterises it, for its lemurs, peculiar Insectivora and Carnivora, and above all by reason of the absence of the prevalent African types such as antelopes, zebras, rhinoceros etc. It is probable that a good deal still remains for discovery among the earthworms of this island; but a considerable number are already known and they are as follows: The Eudrilidae are completely absent, a state of affairs which is paralleled by the absence of antelopes among mammals.