Easy lessons in Einstein : $b A discussion of the more intelligible features of the theory of relativitySlosson, Edwin E. (Edwin Emery)
Science
Easy lessons in Einstein : $b A discussion of the more intelligible features of the theory of relativity
Slosson, Edwin E. (Edwin Emery)
Einstein, Albert, 1879-1955; Relativity (Physics)
Suppose yourself a worm--the Bible says you are anyway--and crawling
around on a sheet of paper. With your vermicular mind you doubtless
would take a superficial view of the universe and find it as impossible
to imagine a third dimension as man does a fourth. If in the course
of your crawling you came across a triangle you might--if you were a
measuring worm--pace it off and find that the distance from _A_ to
_B_ was 8 inches, from _B_ to _C_ was 6 inches and from this data,
if you knew the law of the hypothenuse, you might calculate that the
distance from _A_ to _C_ was 10 inches. On measuring it you would find
your prediction verified and so gain perfect confidence in your plane
geometry. But unbeknownst to you, poor worm with your eyes fixed on
the paper, some man may have picked up the sheet and crumpled it up
or rolled it over so that _A_ and _C_ are only one inch apart--in the
third dimension. The worm is right when he thinks the distance between
these points is 10 inches: so is the man right when he says it is one
inch. It depends on the point of view.
Now in Einstein’s view something of this sort happens to our
three-dimensional space when matter gets into it. We know for instance
that if you divide the circumference of any circle by the diameter
the ratio figures out as 3.1415+. It has been calculated to 707
decimal places but we can dispense with the rest of them and call the
whole thing Pi for short. Write it in Greek as π and it looks more
learned. Now if you place a heavy particle, say a lead bullet, in the
center of a circle the ratio of the diameter to the circumference,
according to Einstein, becomes a little less than Pi, for the circle
has been warped, so to speak, into the fourth dimension by the strain
of gravitation. The difference in such a case is too small to be
measurable by any known means, but it is supposed to be an actual, not
an imaginary, deviation from the geometrical law.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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