As to the respective shares of the work for which the authors are severally responsible, while each has contributed suggestions and criticisms to the work of the other in sufficient degree to make the book throughout a joint work, Part I. has been written by Mr. Tufts, Part II. by Mr. Dewey, and in Part III., Chapters XX. and XXI. are by Mr. Dewey, Chapters XXII.-XXVI. by Mr. Tufts. It need scarcely be said that no attempt has been made in the bibliographies to be exhaustive. When the dates of publication of the work cited are given, the plan has been in general to give, in the case of current literature, the date of the latest edition, and in the case of some classical treatises the date of original publication. In conclusion, the authors desire to express their indebtedness to their colleagues and friends Dr. Wright, Mr. Talbert, and Mr. Eastman, who have aided in the reading of the proof and with other suggestions. TABLE OF CONTENTS CHAPTER PAGE I. INTRODUCTION 1 § 1. _Definition and Method_:--Ethical and moral, specific problem, 1; importance of genetic study, 3. § 2. _Criterion of the moral_:--The moral in cross section, the "what" and the "how," 5; the moral as growth, 8. § 3. _Divisions of the treatment_, 13. PART I THE BEGINNINGS AND GROWTH OF MORALITY II. EARLY GROUP LIFE 17 § 1. _Typical facts of group life_:--Primitive unity and solidarity, 17. § 2. _Kinship and household groups_:--The kinship group, 21; the family or household group, 23. § 3. _Kinship and family groups as economic and industrial units_:--The land and the group, 24; movable goods, 25. § 4. _Kinship and family groups as political bodies_:--Their control over the individual, 26; rights and responsibility, 27. § 5. _The kinship or household as a religious unit_:--Totem groups, 30; ancestral religion, 31. § 6. _Age and sex groups_, 32. § 7. _Moral significance of the group_, 34. III. THE RATIONALIZING AND SOCIALIZING AGENCIES IN EARLY SOCIETY 37 § 1. _Three levels of conduct_:--Conduct as instinctive and governed by primal needs, regulated by society's standards, and by personal standards, 37. § 2. _Rationalizing agencies_: Work, 40; arts and crafts, 41; war, 42. § 3. _Socializing agencies_:--Coöperation, 42; art, 45. § 4. _Family life as idealizing and socializing agency_, 47. § 5. _Moral interpretation of this first level_, 49. IV. GROUP MORALITY--CUSTOMS OR MORES 51