The Negro in America--The First Cargo--Beginning of the Slave Traffic--As a Laborer--Increase in Numbers--Slavery; its Different Character in Different States--Political Disturbances--Agitation and Agitators--John Brown--War and How it Emancipated the Slave--The Free Negro--His Rapid Progress 425 CHAPTER XXX Abraham Lincoln and the Work of Emancipation Lincoln's Increasing Fame--Comparison With Washington--The Slave Auction at New Orleans--"If I Ever Get a Chance to Hit Slavery, I Will Hit it Hard"--The Young Politician--Elected Representative to Congress--His Opposition to Slavery--His Famous Debates With Douglas--The Cooper Institute Speech--The Campaign of 1860--The Surprise of Lincoln's Nomination--His Triumphant Election--Threats of Secession--Firing on Sumter--The Dark Days of the War--The Emancipation Question--The Great Proclamation--End of the War--The Great Tragedy--The Beauty and Greatness of His Character 436 CHAPTER XXXI Grant and Lee and The Civil War Grant a Man for the Occasion--Lincoln's Opinion--"Wherever Grant is Things Move"--"Unconditional Surrender"--"Not a Retreating Man"--Lee a Man of Acknowledged Greatness--His Devotion to Virginia--Great Influence--Simplicity of Habits--Shares the Fare of His Soldiers--Lee's Superior Skill--Gratitude and Affection of the South--Great Influence in Restoring Good Feeling--The War--Secession Not Exclusively a Southern Idea--An Irrepressible Conflict--Coming Events--Lincoln--A Nation in Arms-- Sumter--Anderson--McClellan--Victory and Defeat--"Monitor" and "Merrimac"--Antietam--Shiloh--Buell--Grant--George H. Thomas--Rosecrans--Porter--Sherman--Sheridan--Lee-- Gettysburg--A Great Fight--Sherman's March--The Confederates Weakening--More Victories--Appomattox--Lee's Surrender--From War to Peace 449 CHAPTER XXXII The Indian in the Nineteenth Century Our Relations and Obligations to the Indian--Conflict between Two Civilizations--Indian Bureau--Government Policy--Treaties--Reservation Plan--Removals Under It--Indian Wars--Plan of Concentration--Disturbance and Fighting--Plan of Education and Absorption--Its Commencement--Present Condition of Indians--Nature of Education and Results--Land in Severalty Law--Missionary Effort--Necessity and Duty of Absorption 468 CHAPTER XXXIII The Development of the American Navy