Frederick the Great and the Seven Years' WarSchrader, Ferdinand
History
Frederick the Great and the Seven Years' War
Schrader, Ferdinand
Frederick II, King of Prussia, 1712-1786; Seven Years' War, 1756-1763
Field-Marshal Daun in the meantime had been held in check in Saxony in a
most masterly way by Prince Henry. The Prince was one of the ablest
generals of his time, and his brother, the King, fully recognized it. He
said of him once, “He is the only general who has not made a mistake
during the entire war.” Beside his strategic talent, he had engaging
personal qualities which commended him to friend and foe alike. To him
was assigned the duty of watching over the Electorate of Saxony. It may
well be believed that he was an unwelcome visitor in the enemy’s
country, but he was greatly respected by the Saxons, and years after
this they told with much emotion how this noble Hohenzollern in 1759,
one day in harvest-time, when a sudden storm threatened to ruin their
cornfields, allowed the peasants of a Saxon village to use his own
horses for getting in their corn. He specially displayed his brilliant
qualities in preventing Field-Marshal Daun from effecting a union with
the Russians. By swift and skilful marches he kept Daun moving here and
there, then suddenly eluded him, and destroyed a number of storehouses
with supplies sufficient to have maintained fifty thousand soldiers for
six months. This caused such a scarcity of subsistence and fodder that
the indignant troops began to complain, and Daun had to fall back to a
better position. The Mark of Brandenburg was safe, but other misfortunes
were in store for Frederick. Dresden was in the hands of the enemy as
one of the immediate results of the battle of Kunersdorf. When hardest
pressed, Frederick wrote the commander in the Saxon capital to save if
possible the seven millions of treasure in the money chests and evacuate
with honor, for he could not send him help. This occurred immediately
after the disastrous battle.
When Frederick was himself once more, he changed his mind, but alas! it
was too late. Dresden was already lost to the Prussians. Frederick
stamped with rage and declared he would retake it. He at once ordered
the army to move into Saxony, although the inclement season of the year
had begun. Prince Henry begged the King to spare his troops during the
Winter and put off any large undertakings he had in view, but it was all
in vain. The King would not listen to him. He ordered General Finck to
attack the enemy’s rear with fifteen thousand men and force him to
retreat. Every tactician foresaw the disastrous consequences. All his
generals were of opinion that the attack would end calamitously, and so
it turned out. Finck had hardly reached Maxen, November 21, 1759, before
the tables were turned. Instead of being the attacking party, he himself
was attacked on all sides. Terrible slaughter ensued. The Prussians
resisted the attack with their customary bravery, but finally had to
succumb. The army was nearly wiped out, as eleven thousand of them were
taken prisoners. Never before had a year been so disastrous for
Frederick as was 1759. Never before did a year close more gloomily for
him.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
Reviews
Reviews
No reviews yet
Be the first to share your thoughts on this work.
Join the Discussion
Join the discussion
Sign in to leave a comment or review.
Sign InorCreate an account