Comedy plays; English drama -- Early modern and Elizabethan, 1500-1600
Dr. Bradley, one of the editors of the _Oxford English Dictionary_, has
recently, in Professor Gayley's _Representative English Comedies_
(Macmillan Co., New York, 1903), sifted the available evidence
respecting the date and authorship of the play. I am enabled, through
the courtesy of Dr. Bradley and the permission, readily granted, of
Messrs. Macmillan and Co., to summarise the facts and inferences which
Dr. Bradley adduces against the claims of both Dr. Still and Dr.
Bridges, and those which seem to favour the identity of Mr. S. with a
William Stevenson, who, born at Hunwick in Durham, matriculated as a
sizar in November, 1546, became B.A. in 1549-50, M.A. in 1553, B.D. in
1560, being subsequently ordained deacon in London in 1552, appointed
prebendary of Durham in January, 1560-1, and who died in 1575, the year
in which _Gammer Gurton_ was printed.
The facts are as follows:--
1. The colophon of the earliest known edition of _Gammer Gurton's
Needle_ bears date 1575. It also states that it was "played on stage,
not longe ago, in Christes Colledge in Cambridge," and was "made by Mr.
S., Mr. of Art."
2. The register of the Company of Stationers shows that in 1562-3
Colwell (whose dates as a printer-publisher range from 1561 to 1575)
paid 4d. for licence to print a play entitled _Dyccon of Bedlam, &c._
3. "Diccon the Bedlam" is a character in _Gammer Gurton's Needle_, and
there is a presumption that the piece licensed to Colwell in 1562-63 was
identical with that printed in 1575 under another title; or, as an
alternative, that _Gammer Gurton_ was a sequel to _Dyccon_: but that
does not affect the value of the argument, as both would probably be by
the same author.
4. If _Gammer Gurton's Needle_ is the play licensed in 1563, the
performance at Christ's College must have taken place before that date,
for it was not the custom to send a play to the press before it had been
acted.
5. In the academic year ending Michaelmas, 1563, there is no record of
dramatic representation given in the college; in 1561-62, the accounts
mention certain sums "spent at Mr. Chatherton's playe"; in 1560-61 there
is no mention of any play; but in 1559-60 we find two items:--"To the
viales at Mr. Chatherton's plaie, 2s. 6d."--"Spent at Mr. Stevenson's
plaie, 5s."
6. Therefore, as no evidence to the contrary has been found, it appears
highly probable that the "Mr. S." of _Gammer Gurton's Needle_ was Mr.
William Stevenson, Fellow of Christ's College from 1559 to 1561, and
identical with the person of the same name who was Fellow of the college
from 1551 to 1554, and who appears in the bursar's accounts as the
author of a play acted in the year 1553-54.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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