THE RISE OF THE UNIVERSITIES 139 1. What led to their establishment. 2. The most important early universities. 3. Their privileges. 4. Their influence. CHAPTER XXV MOHAMMEDAN EDUCATION 143 1. History of Mohammedanism. 2. The five Moslem precepts. 3. Education. 4. What the Mohammedans accomplished for science. 5. General summary of education during the Middle Ages. CHAPTER XXVI THE RENAISSANCE 148 1. The great revival. 2. Principles proclaimed. 3. The movement in Italy. 4. In Germany. 5. Summary of the benefits of the Renaissance to education. CHAPTER XXVII HUMANISTIC EDUCATORS 155 1. Revival of the classics their purpose. 2. Dante. 3. Petrarch. 4. Boccaccio. 5. Agricola. 6. Reuchlin. 7. Erasmus. 8. Pedagogy of Erasmus. CHAPTER XXVIII THE REFORMATION AS AN EDUCATIONAL INFLUENCE 164 1. Conditions at the beginning of the sixteenth century. 2. The invention of printing. 3. The rulers of the leading countries. 4. Intellectual conditions. 5. Luther. 6. Luther's pedagogy. 7. Melanchthon. CHAPTER XXIX OTHER PROTESTANT EDUCATORS 174 1. Sturm. 2. The _Gymnasium_ at Strasburg. 3. The celebrated course of study. 4. Trotzendorf. 5. Neander. CHAPTER XXX THE JESUITS AND THEIR EDUCATION 182 1. The order. 2. Loyola. 3. Growth of the society. 4. Jesuit education. 5. Use of emulation. 6. Estimate of their educational work. 7. Summary. 8. The Port Royalists. CHAPTER XXXI OTHER EDUCATORS OF THE SIXTEENTH CENTURY 190 1. Roger Ascham. 2. Double translating. 3. Rabelais. 4. First appearance of realism in instruction. 5. Montaigne. 6. Summary of progress during the sixteenth century. CHAPTER XXXII EDUCATION DURING THE SEVENTEENTH CENTURY 200 1. Political and historical conditions. 2. The educational situation. 3. Compulsory education. 4. The Innovators. CHAPTER XXXIII EDUCATORS OF THE SEVENTEENTH CENTURY 205 1. Bacon. 2. The inductive method. 3. Ratke. 4. His pedagogy. 5. Comenius. 6. The "Orbis Pictus." 7. Summary of his work. 8. Milton. 9. Locke. 10. Fenelon. 11. His pedagogy. 12. La Salle and the brothers of the Christian schools. 13. Rollin. 14. Summary of the educational progress of the seventeenth century. CHAPTER XXXIV FRANCKE AND THE PIETISTS 231 1. Pietism. 2. Francke. 3. The Institutions at Halle. 4. The training of teachers. 5. _The Real-school._ CHAPTER XXXV GENERAL VIEW OF THE EIGHTEENTH AND NINETEENTH CENTURIES 237