Introductory lectures on psycho-analysis : $b a course of twenty-eight lectures delivered at the University of ViennaFreud, Sigmund
Science
Introductory lectures on psycho-analysis : $b a course of twenty-eight lectures delivered at the University of Vienna
Freud, Sigmund
Psychoanalysis
You will recall the case of the young man who offered to “insort” an
unknown lady. We took the liberty of resolving this word into “insult”
and “escort,” and were quite convinced of this interpretation without
requiring proof of it.[16] From these examples you can see that even
these more obscure cases can be explained as the concurrence, or
_interference_, of two different intentions of speech with one another;
the differences arise only in that in the first type of slip the one
intention has entirely excluded the other, as when the opposite is said;
while in the second type the one intention only succeeds in distorting
or modifying the other, from which arise combinations of a more or less
senseless appearance.
We believe that we have now discovered the secret of a large number of
slips of the tongue. If we keep this clear in mind we shall be able to
comprehend still further groups hitherto entirely mysterious.
Although, for instance, in a case of distortion of a name we cannot
suppose that it is always a matter of a contest between two similar
but different names, yet the second intention is easily perceived.
Distortions of names are common enough apart from slips of the tongue;
they are attempts to liken the name to something derogatory or
degrading, a common form of abuse, which educated persons soon learn
to avoid but nevertheless do not willingly give up. It may be dressed
up as a joke, although one of a very low order. To quote one gross and
ugly example of such a distortion of a name, the name of the President
of the French Republic, _Poincaré_, has lately been transformed into
“_Schweinskarré_.” It is not going much further to assume that some
such abusive intention may also be behind distortions of names
produced by a slip of the tongue. In pursuing our idea, similar
explanations suggest themselves for cases of slips where the effect is
comic or absurd. In the case of the member of parliament who referred
to the “honourable member for Central Hell,” the sober atmosphere of
the House is unexpectedly disturbed by the intrusion of a word that
calls up a ludicrous and unflattering image; we are bound to conclude
from the analogy with certain offensive and abusive expressions that
an impulse has interposed here, to this effect: “You needn’t be taken
in. I don’t mean a word of this. To hell with the fellow!” The same
applies to slips of the tongue which transform quite harmless words
into obscene and indecent ones.[17]
We are familiar with this tendency in certain people intentionally to
convert harmless words into indecent ones for the sake of the amusement
obtained; it passes for wit, and in fact when one hears of a case one at
once asks whether it was intended as a joke or occurred unintentionally
as a slip of the tongue.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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