Natural History of the Racer Coluber constrictorFitch, Henry S. (Henry Sheldon)
Science
Natural History of the Racer Coluber constrictor
Fitch, Henry S. (Henry Sheldon)
Racer snake
Duellman (1951:338) recorded a black racer in Greene
County, Ohio, swallowing a large garter snake (_Thamnophis sirtalis_).
In Kentucky, Barbour (1950:104) recorded remains of an unidentified
snake in one stomach.
Many authors likewise have recorded food of the southern black racer
(_C. c. priapus_). In Georgia, Wright and Bishop (1915:160) recorded
finding 2 racerunners (_Cnemidophorus sexlineatus_), a skink
(_Lygosoma laterale_), 4 green tree frogs (_Hyla cinerea_) and 1 pine
woods tree frog (_H. femoralis_) in stomachs. They also stated that
the toad (_Bufo lentiginosus_ [= _terrestris_]) was the most important
article of food. Burt and Hoyle (1934:205) wrote that a racer from
Rogers County, Oklahoma, had eaten an adult male collared lizard
(_Crotaphytus collaris_). In Florida, Carr (1950:80) found one of
these black racers eating a leopard frog (_Rana pipiens_). Hamilton
and Pollack (1956:523) examined digestive tracts of 62 and found food
in 57, comprising the following percentages by volume: _Lygosoma
laterale_, 34.2; _Eumeces fasciatus_ and _E. egregius_, 11.3;
_Cnemidophorus sexlineatus_, 8.8; _Sceloporus undulatus_, 3.5;
undetermined lizard, 3.5; _Opheodrys aestivus_, 6.6; _Diadophis
punctatus_, 3.1; _Storeria dekayi_, 1.6; _Coluber constrictor_, 1.8;
_Heterodon platyrhinos_, 1.8; _Masticophis flagellum_, 1.8; _Rana_
sp., 5.3; _Hyla cinerea_, 1.8; _Hyla versicolor_, 1.8; _Peromyscus_,
1.8; undetermined rodent, 1.8; lepidopterous larva, 1.7.
In southern Illinois in an intergrading population of racers
intermediate between _C. c. priapus_ and _C. c. flaviventris_, Cagle
(1942:188) examined several stomachs and found 1 chipmunk (_Tamias
striatus_), 2 voles (_Microtus_ sp.), 2 mice (_Peromyscus_ sp.), 2
green snakes (_Opheodrys_ sp.), 1 water snake (_Natrix sipedon_) and
grasshoppers. From this same population Klimstra (1959:212) examined
137 digestive tracts of which 115 contained food as follows: 194
locustids, 118 gryllids, 17 undetermined beetles, 13 carabids, 6
scarabaeids, 10 lepidopterans, 9 hemipterans, 1 hymenopteran, 2
homopterans, 1 dipteran, 17 undetermined insects, 73 _Peromyscus_ sp.,
19 _Microtus ochrogaster_, 9 _M. pinetorum_, 12 _Sylvilagus
floridanus_, 3 _Scalopus aquaticus_, 3 _Rattus norvegicus_, 4 _Mus
musculus_, 2 _Tamias striatus_, 2 _Synaptomys cooperi_, 16 _Rana
pipiens_, 8 _Acris crepitans_, 2 _Rana clamitans_, 2 _R. palustris_, 1
_R. catesbeiana_, 4 _Hyla crucifer_, 3 _Pseudacris nigrita_, 4
_Lampropeltis calligaster_, 4 _Sceloporus undulatus_, 4 _Chrysemys
picta_, 1 _Heterodon platyrhinos_, 1 unidentified reptile, 4
_Sturnella magna_, 1 _Otocoris alpestris_, 4 unidentified birds.
Percentages by volume of the various categories in this sample were:
insects, 39.1; mammals, 32.9; amphibians, 10.8; reptiles, 8.3; birds,
6.3; miscellaneous, 2.6.
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