This substitution will be a natural process 26 Our very hope for it, a surrender to the ideals of the humble 27 Accounting must be taken between survivals of militarism and manifestations of newer humanitarianism 28 Tendency to idealization marked eighteenth-century humanitarian 29 Newer ideals of this century sustained only by knowledge and companionship 30 CHAPTER II SURVIVALS OF MILITARISM IN CITY GOVERNMENT American Republic founded under the influence of doctrinaire eighteenth-century ideals. Failure in municipal administration largely due to their inadequacy 31 Modern substitutes of the evolutionary conception of progress for eighteenth-century idealism 32 Failure of adjustment between the old form of government and present condition results in reversion to military and legal type 34 National governmental machinery provides no vehicle for organized expression of popular will 35 Historic governments dependent upon force of arms 36 Founders placed too exclusive a value upon the principles defended by the War of the Revolution. Example of the overestimation of the spoils of war 37 Immigration problem an illustration of the failure to treat our growing Republic in a spirit of progressive and developing democracy 39 Present immigration due partly to the philosophic dogmas of the eighteenth-century. Theory of naturalization still rests upon those dogmas 40 No adequate formulization of newer philosophy although immigration situation has become much more industrial than political 42 Exploitation of immigrants carried on under guise of preparation for citizenship 46 Failure to develop a government fitted to varied peoples 48 Attitude of contempt for immigrant survival of a spirit of conqueror toward inferior people 49 Contempt reflected by children toward immigrant parents 50 Universal franchise implies a recognition of social needs and ideals 52 Difficulties of administering repressive government in a democracy 54 The attempt inevitably develops the corrupt politician as a friend of the vicious 56