No Man's Land: A History of El Camino RealNardini, Louis Raphael
History
No Man's Land: A History of El Camino Real
Nardini, Louis Raphael
El Camino Real de los Tejas National Historic Trail (Tex. and La.); Louisiana -- History
Leaving Biloxi, the party traveled what was then known as the Iberville
passage, crossing Lake Pontchartrain and through Manchac Pass to Lake
Maurepas, then into Manchac Bayou and a short portage to the Mississippi
River; ascending the Mississippi to the confluence of the Red River at
Baton Rouge, then ascending the Red River to a point opposite the
present day town of Colfax. Here the stream divided and Penicaut wrote,
“we took the left and larger branch of water.” After some distance
upstream he describes the Ecore de La Croix, which must have been the
high bluffs near Chopin, Louisiana.
On November 25, 1713, the St. Denis party arrived among the Natchitoches
Indians, living on an island that the river formed by dividing into two
branches and flowing around it.
St. Denis spent the first few weeks cultivating the friendship of the
Indians. Trade was vigorous and profitable, he sent at least twice back
to Biloxi for more trade goods. He had traveled at least once as far as
the settlement of the Nacogdoches Indians before deciding on an exact
location for a trading post. In early Spring of the following year two
block houses were erected in the Natchitoches Village, one to store the
merchandise and the other to house the ten Frenchmen who were to remain
in Natchitoches while the others went west in search of the Hidalgo
mission.
While St. Denis was among the Hasinai Indians, an incident happened
which causes one to wonder at the foresightedness of Francois Hidalgo.
Among the Indians was an Indian maid named Angelica who had received
instructions at a Spanish mission and who spoke Spanish fluently. She
became the interpreter between St. Denis and Bernardino, Chief of the
Hasinai. Bernardino, with some of the members of his tribe, acted as
guide, for St. Denis, but instead of bringing the Frenchmen to the
Hidalgo mission, they were led to Presidio San Juan Bautista on the
south bank of the Rio Grande River on July 19, 1714. Surely these
Indians would have known where the Hidalgo mission was located; the
leading of the Frenchmen to the Spanish post was just as Hidalgo would
have wished, or planned.
[Illustration: PLAN OF FORT NATCHITOCHES]
Plan du Fort des Natchitoche.
A. Church.
B. Home of the Commandante.
C. Gunpowder and arm storage.
D. House of the priest, and where records were kept.
E. Barracks of the militia.
F. Guardhouse.
G. Dining hall for soldiers.
H. Houses of domestic servants and kitchen.
I. Privy.
There was quite an uproar at Post Du Nord, as the French called the
Presidio San Juan Bautista. The French trade-goods were confiscated, and
St. Denis was confined to the area inside the presidio. Somehow St.
Denis found out about the plans of the Spanish priests to establish
missions to the east, and sent word back to Bienville. The Frenchman
knew that very often presidios followed the establishments of missions.
Bienville was informed by St. Denis that this land belonged to the
French.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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