A female patient was in a state of most alarming difficulty of breathing from neglected inflammation of the bronchiæ, which had extended to the lungs. The pulse was sharp and frequent, the skin hot, and every urgent symptom of high fever and irritation was present. Her cough was extremely violent, and the expectoration difficult. The expectorated matter was dense and almost puriform in appearance. On applying the stethoscope over the upper part of the right side of the chest, at every point, and also over the whole of the right shoulder blade, I heard acute sounds similar to those produced by air strongly passing through a key-hole. I considered that these sounds indicated active inflammation in the whole ramifications of the bronchiæ of the right lung. A large quantity of blood was drawn from the right arm; and cupping was also freely employed, both on the chest and shoulder blade. A saline draught with tartar emetic and nitre was administered every two hours. I need not detail the exact progress of the case. These principles of treatment being diligently followed up, the patient finally recovered. A gentleman, subject to gout, took cold in the month of January from exposure to wet. He nursed himself, but not aware of the seriousness of his attack, had neglected to procure medical advice. I found him affected with advanced symptoms of inflammation of the lungs; and, without delay, directed a copious bleeding from the arm. There was very great irritation in the stomach and bowels, attended with painful diarrhœa; on which account, twenty leeches were applied to the middle of the abdomen. His cough was sharp and violent. The appearance of the blood indicated high inflammatory action, being cupped so as to form almost a round ball. The surface of the blood was covered with a thick buffy (fibrinous) coat, and the serum was very abundant, being pressed, and, as it were, squeezed out from the coagulum in the firmness of its contraction. The indication by the stethoscope on the left side, was that of the “râle crépitante,” or the rattle, which is compared to the crackling sound of salt when thrown upon hot iron, and serving to shew that inflammation was existing in the texture composing the air cells. Similar indications were presented on the right side, but in a slighter degree. The patient did not complain of pain in any part of the chest, but suffered severely from oppression, having the feeling that “the room was too small to breathe in.” By means of repeated bleedings, blistering, and the use of suitable medicines, the urgent symptoms were removed, and the patient in a short time enjoyed the first feelings of convalescence. The weather suddenly became intensely severe, and, probably from an injudicious change of apartment, a relapse of the symptoms of violent cough, difficulty of breathing, fever and general irritation, immediately took place.