On adipocire, and its formationWetherill, Charles Mayer
Science
On adipocire, and its formation
Wetherill, Charles Mayer
Adipocere; Fatty acids; Postmortem changes
There is no doubt, therefore, of the presence of palmitic acid in the
fat of human adipocire. The second crop of crystals which fell from the
mother liquid of those just examined, contained a fat melting at 62°,
in all probability palmitic acid also. A determination of the silver
of the salt of this fat was lost in the following curious manner: The
silver salt was in lumps, as it had dried on the filter, and after
it had stood for a short time at 100 in a watch glass, thinking to
facilitate the escape of water, by pulverizing it in an agate-mortar,
it became so exceedingly electric, that of the whole quantity of silver
salt from 0.651 grammes of fat, I was not able to collect the smallest
portion for analysis; whether the powder was attempted to be removed by
steel, platinum, glass, a feather, or paper, on the first touch it flew
into the air, and alighted upon the table: I have often noticed this
behaviour in organic silver salts, and perhaps it would be worth while
to try whether one of them could not favourably replace the amalgam on
the cushion of the electrical machine.
The following experiments were made upon the alcoholic solution
of the fats, from which the above portions of palmitic acid were
separated. Enough alcohol was added to this solution to prevent any
further deposit by standing, for which, as was before stated, 300
alcohol were required for 15 fat. Its percentage of fat was determined
by evaporating the alcohol from a known quantity, and weighing the
residue; the melting point of this fat was 60.°5 to 61°. This melting
point was again determined after saponification, to ascertain whether
a fatty ether might not have been formed, and was found to be the
same. The alcoholic solution of acetate of magnesia was also titled
so that the necessary quantity might be added to the fat solution
by measurement: the fat under consideration should be, by Heintz’s
experiment, a mixture of stearic and the so called margaric acids,
together with impurities.
Before proceeding to the fractional precipitation by acetate of
magnesia, the alcoholic fatty solution was treated with an excess of
acetate of magnesia, and an excess of acetic acid (aided by a little
warmth) added; the resulting liquid was then evaporated over sulphuric
acid (removing the crystals as they formed) in order to ascertain what
effect this treatment would have upon the melting points. On cooling,
a small quantity of a powdery precipitate fell, and after standing
for a couple of hours over sulphuric acid, the liquid crystallized
rather suddenly, to plates or scales, the melting point of which, after
treatment with acid, gave 62°; recrystallized from hot alcohol it
melted at 62°5-63°.
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