Origin of modern calculating machinesTurck, J. A. V.
History
Origin of modern calculating machines
Turck, J. A. V.
Calculators
After ten years of service this first practical recording-adding
machine was still in excellent condition, and in 1907 was secured
by the Comptograph Co. from the Bank of Pittsburgh, into which the
Merchants & Manufacturers National Bank, along with other banks, had
been merged. It was finally procured by Mr. Felt and presented to
the National Museum of Washington, D. C., where it may now be found
on exhibit along with other inventions produced by Felt. A photo
reproduction of this machine as it appeared before it was presented to
the Museum, is shown on the opposite page.
[Sidenote: _Features of first practical recorder_]
Like the machine of the first Felt recorder patent, it was a visible
printer, each figure being printed as the key was depressed, the paper
being shifted by the hand lever shown at the right.
Unlike the former machine, however, the operator was not called upon to
perform the extra operation of winding up a spring to furnish power for
the printing.
Power for the printing was stored by the action of the paper
shift-lever and an entirely different printing device was used.
Provision for printing the ciphers automatically was also a feature of
this machine. It was not necessary to operate cipher keys, and there
were no such keys to be operated. To print an item having ciphers in
it required only the omission of the ciphers as the ciphers would
automatically fill in.
The arrangement of the paper shows a good improvement over the first
machine, as it was more accessible, being fed from a roll at the top
down and around rolls below and looped back so that it is moved upward
on the printed surface, where it may be torn off as desired.
The mechanism of this machine is not illustrated in any one patent.
The Felt patents Nos. 441,233 and 465,255 cover the new feature, but
the later patent, No. 465,255, shows it best. Some of the drawings of
the last-named patent are reproduced on the opposite page to help in
explanation of the details of the new features.
[Sidenote: _Description of Felt’s second recorder_]
By referring to the drawings, it will be noted that the form of the
front of the casing differs from the machine. Other drawings of the
patent, not shown here, disclose features of still later invention
than were in the machine of the photo reproduction. But it is with the
printing device that we are now interested, and it was in this patent
that it was first shown in the form used in the first marketed machine
referred to.
The type sector marked 81 is like that of the first patent, except that
it is provided with the ciphers as well as the nine digits.
The cipher type are always presented for printing when the sectors
are resting at normal. Thus, if an impression can be made without
depressing the keys in that order, a cipher will be printed, as will be
shown later.
Back of the paper and pivoted to the rod 97, are a series of printing
hammers 87, one for each type sector.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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