Bill black, with a tinge of green. Iris bright carmine. Upper part of the head, and a space along the base of the bill dusky; a small transverse band of white on what is called the chin; the rest of the head, and the neck all round, for more than half its length, of a rich brownish-red. A broad belt of brownish-black occupies the lower part of the neck, and the fore part of the body, of which the posterior part is of the same colour, more extended on the back than under the tail. Back and scapulars white or greyish-white, very minutely traversed by undulating black lines; wing-coverts similar but darker. Alular feathers greyish-brown. Primary quills brownish-black, tinged with grey towards the base; the shaft brown. Secondaries ash-grey, whitish, and undulated with dark grey towards the end; five of them also having a narrow stripe of black along their outer margin. Tail brownish-grey, towards the end ash-grey. The lower parts white, the sides and abdomen marked with fine undulating grey lines, of which there are faint traces on most of the other feathers. The feet are greyish-blue tinged with yellow. Length to end of tail 22 inches, to end of wings 20, to end of claws 25; extent of wings 33; wing, from flexure, 9-3/4; tail 2-10/12; bill along the back, measured from the tip of the frontal process to the end of the unguis, 3; lower mandible along the edge 2-7/12; tarsus 1-3/4; first toe 6/12, its claw 5/12; middle toe 2-10/12, its claw 5/12; outer toe scarcely shorter; inner, 7/12 shorter. Weight 3-3/4 lb. Adult Female. Plate CCCI. Fig. 2. The Female has the bill coloured as in the male; the iris reddish-brown; the feet lead-grey; the upper parts greyish-brown; the top of the head darker, its anterior part light reddish; the chin whitish; the neck greyish-brown, as are the sides and abdomen; the breast white; wing-coverts brownish-grey; primary quills greyish-brown, dusky at the end; secondary quills ash-grey, five of the inner with an external black margin, the innermost greyish-brown like the back, and with some of the scapulars faintly undulated with darker. Tail greyish-brown, paler at the end; axillars and smaller under wing-coverts white, as in the male. Length to end of tail, 20-1/4 inches, to end of wings 18-1/2, to end of claws, 23-1/4; extent of wings, 30-3/4: wing from flexure, 9-1/4. Weigh 2-3/4 lb. This species is very closely allied to the Pochard, or Red-headed Duck, _Fuligula Ferina_, but is much larger, and differs in having the bill proportionally higher at the base, and less dilated towards the end. The colours are also generally similar, but present differences. The upper parts of the Canvass-back are much whiter than those of the Pochard; the head of the former is dusky above, of the latter uniform with the neck; and the white spot on the chin is wanting in the Pochard. The Digestive and Respiratory Organs of a male shot near Baltimore present the following characters.